Risk Description-Item
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A Risk Description-Item is an event description for risk events (provides a representation of potential adverse events affecting objectives).
- Context:
- It can (often) include Risk Signals (often to identify early warning signs of risk events).
- It can (often) include Risk Signal Interpretations (often to analyze potential impacts of risk events).
- It can (often) include Risk Performance Indicators (often to measure risk levels and risk trends).
- It can (often) include Risk Controls (often to document risk mitigation measures).
- It can (often) include Risk Stakeholder Impacts (often to assess risk effects on parties).
- ...
- It can range from being a Simple Risk Description-Item to being a Complex Risk Description-Item, based on rescription complexity.
- It can range from being a Minor Risk Description-Item to being a Major Risk Description-Item, based on risk severity.
- It can range from being a Long-Term Risk Description-Item to being a Medium-Term Risk Description-Item to being a Short-Term Risk Description-Item to being an Immediate Risk Description-Item, based on risk timeframe.
- It can range from being an Organizational Risk Description-Item to being a Personal Risk Description-Item, based on risk entity.
- It can range from being a Strategic Risk Description-Item to being an Operational Risk Description-Item to being a Financial Risk Description-Item to being a Legal Risk Description-Item to being a Technical Risk Description-Item to being a Environmental Risk Description-Item to being a Social Risk Description-Item, based on risk domain.
- It can range from being an Internal-Risk Description-Item to being an External-Risk Description-Item, based on risk source.
- ...
- It can be referenced by Risk Monitoring Processes, such as risk status monitoring, risk trend monitoring, and risk threshold monitoring.
- It can be referenced by Risk Assessment Reports, such as in risk assessment disclosure form.
- It can be referenced by Risk Management Processes, such as:
- It can be used in Risk-Based Decision Making, such as:
- It can support Risk Communication, through:
- It can integrate with Risk Management Frameworks, including:
- Risk Governance Frameworks: defining risk oversight, risk policy, and risk accountability
- Risk Assessment Frameworks: standardizing risk evaluation methods and risk criteria
- Risk Control Frameworks: establishing control measures and mitigation strategys
- It can include Risk Probability Assessments (often to quantify the likelihood of risk events).
- It can include Risk Impact Quantifications (often to measure potential loss or damage).
- It can include Risk Exposure Calculations (often combining probability and impact measures).
- ...
- Example(s):
- By Risk Domain and Scope:
- Strategic Risk Description-Items (for strategic risks affecting organizational objectives), such as:
- "
Label: Digital Transformation Risk; Entity: RetailCorp Global; Description: Legacy system modernization across 2000+ stores; Impact: $50M investment, potential 5% revenue disruption; Dependencies: IT infrastructure, staff training, customer migration; Timeline: 24-month rollout.
" (exemplifying a Major Risk Description-Item for a Global Organization with Complex Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Market Disruption Risk; Entity: AutoCorp International; Description: Electric vehicle transition affecting 60% of product portfolio; Impact: $2B revenue exposure over 5 years; Dependencies: Technology partnerships, supply chain redesign; Timeline: 36-month adaptation plan.
" (exemplifying a Strategic Risk Description-Item with Long-Term Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- Strategic Risk Description-Items (for strategic risks affecting organizational objectives), such as:
- By Organizational Level:
- "
Label: Specialized Talent Shortage; Entity: AI Solutions Division; Description: 40% gap in quantum computing expertise for next-gen product development; Impact: 8-month potential project delay; Competition: 5 major tech firms targeting same talent pool.
" (exemplifying a Division Risk Description-Item with Immediate Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Regional Market Share Risk; Entity: APAC Operations; Description: Local competitor consolidation threatening 25% market share; Impact: $100M annual revenue at risk; Dependencies: Pricing strategy, distribution network; Timeline: Q3-2024 response required.
" (exemplifying a Regional Risk Description-Item with Medium-Term Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Time Horizon:
- "
Label: Cybersecurity Breach Risk; Entity: FinTech Services; Description: Advanced persistent threat targeting payment systems; Exposure: 50M customer records; Response Time: 4-hour window; Status: Enhanced monitoring active.
" (exemplifying an Immediate Risk Description-Item with Major Risk Description-Item severity). - "
Label: Supply Chain Evolution Risk; Entity: GlobalManufacturing Inc; Description: Geopolitical shifts requiring 40% supply chain restructuring; Impact: 15% cost increase projection; Dependencies: New supplier qualification, logistics redesign; Timeline: 3-year transition.
" (exemplifying a Long-Term Risk Description-Item with Strategic Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Impact Category:
- "
Label: ESG Reporting Risk; Entity: EnergyTech Holdings; Description: New carbon disclosure requirements affecting 80% of operations; Timeline: Implementation by Q4-2024; Exposure: $10M potential penalties; Status: Assessment phase.
" (exemplifying a Direct Impact Risk Description-Item with Compliance Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Brand Reputation Risk; Entity: Consumer Products Group; Description: Social media backlash potential from product sourcing practices; Impact: 20% brand value exposure; Dependencies: Supplier audit completion, communications strategy; Timeline: 6-month mitigation plan.
" (exemplifying an Indirect Impact Risk Description-Item with Social Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Response Category:
- "
Label: Data Privacy Compliance Risk; Entity: HealthTech Solutions; Description: New privacy regulation affecting patient data handling across 12 jurisdictions; Impact: System architecture updates required; Timeline: 9-month compliance window.
" (exemplifying a Preventive Response Risk Description-Item with Legal Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Production Quality Risk; Entity: Manufacturing Division; Description: Quality metrics deviation in new production line; Impact: 3% defect rate increase; Response: Enhanced monitoring protocol implementation; Timeline: Immediate intervention required.
" (exemplifying a Detective Response Risk Description-Item with Operational Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Stakeholder Type:
- "
Label: Workforce Transition Risk; Entity: Global Services Group; Description: AI implementation affecting 30% of workforce roles; Impact: Skill gap in 2000+ positions; Dependencies: Training program development, union negotiations; Timeline: 18-month transformation.
" (exemplifying an Internal Stakeholder Risk Description-Item with Human Resource Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Customer Migration Risk; Entity: Digital Banking Unit; Description: Platform upgrade affecting 5M users; Impact: Potential 10% customer churn; Dependencies: User experience testing, support capacity; Timeline: 6-month phased rollout.
" (exemplifying an External Stakeholder Risk Description-Item with Technical Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Legal/Regulatory Context:
- "
Label: Antitrust Compliance Risk; Entity: TechGiant Corporation; Description: Merger review triggering regulatory scrutiny in 3 major markets; Impact: 12-month deal delay potential; Dependencies: Market share analysis, competitor response evaluation; Timeline: Pre-merger filing phase.
" (exemplifying a Legal Risk Description-Item with Complex Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Patent Litigation Risk; Entity: Biotech Research Division; Description: Competitor claiming infringement on core drug delivery technology; Impact: $300M exposure plus injunction threat; Dependencies: Prior art research, legal opinion; Timeline: Response due in 60 days.
" (exemplifying a Major Risk Description-Item with Legal Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Contractual Relationship:
- "
Label: Key Supplier Contract Risk; Entity: Automotive Systems; Description: Critical component supplier seeking 30% price increase at renewal; Impact: $45M annual cost impact; Dependencies: Alternative supplier qualification, negotiation strategy; Timeline: 90-day decision window.
" (exemplifying a Contract-Related Risk Description-Item with Financial Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Service Level Agreement Risk; Entity: Cloud Operations; Description: Major customer threatening contract termination due to performance issues; Impact: $80M contract value; Dependencies: Technical root cause analysis, remediation plan; Timeline: 30-day cure period.
" (exemplifying a Contract-Related Performance Risk Description-Item with Major Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Resource Dependency:
- "
Label: Critical Infrastructure Risk; Entity: Data Center Operations; Description: Primary facility reaching power capacity limits; Impact: 60% of customer workloads affected; Dependencies: Grid upgrade approval, backup system implementation; Timeline: 8-month critical window.
" (exemplifying a Technical Resource Risk Description-Item with Operational Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Financial Liquidity Risk; Entity: Growth Markets Division; Description: Credit facility renewal uncertainty affecting expansion plans; Impact: $200M growth capital at risk; Dependencies: Banking consortium negotiations, asset valuation; Timeline: Q2-2024 renewal.
" (exemplifying a Financial Resource Risk Description-Item with Strategic Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Geographic Exposure:
- "
Label: Political Instability Risk; Entity: Global Mining Operations; Description: Resource nationalism affecting licenses in key region; Impact: 25% of production capacity; Dependencies: Government relations, local partner alignment; Timeline: 12-month monitoring phase.
" (exemplifying a Regional Risk Description-Item with External Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Trade Restriction Risk; Entity: International Sales; Description: New tariff regulations affecting cross-border product flow; Impact: 15% margin erosion potential; Dependencies: Supply chain restructuring, pricing strategy; Timeline: 6-month adaptation required.
" (exemplifying a Global Risk Description-Item with External Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Risk Interconnection:
- "
Label: Technology Ecosystem Risk; Entity: Platform Services; Description: Third-party API deprecation affecting 30% of service features; Impact: Multiple client contracts exposed; Dependencies: Architecture redesign, client migration, legal review; Timeline: 120-day transition period.
" (exemplifying a Complex Risk Description-Item with multiple Risk Dependency characteristics). - "
Label: Integrated Project Risk; Entity: Smart City Division; Description: Multi-stakeholder initiative facing coordinated challenges; Impact: $500M project value; Dependencies: Municipal approvals, technology integration, community acceptance; Timeline: 24-month program.
" (exemplifying a Mixed Stakeholder Risk Description-Item with Complex Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Personal Impact:
- "
Label: Executive Succession Risk; Entity: C-Suite Office; Description: Unexpected retirement of key executives affecting 3 critical roles; Impact: Leadership continuity threat; Dependencies: Succession pipeline, board approval, market confidence; Timeline: 6-month transition window.
" (exemplifying a Personal Risk Description-Item with Strategic Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Key Expert Retention Risk; Entity: R&D Department; Description: Lead researcher departure risk to competitor; Impact: Critical project knowledge loss; Dependencies: IP protection, team knowledge transfer, retention package; Timeline: Immediate intervention needed.
" (exemplifying an Individual Risk Description-Item with Human Resource Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Health and Safety:
- "
Label: Workplace Health Risk; Entity: Manufacturing Plants; Description: New respiratory hazard identified in production process; Impact: 2000 workers potentially exposed; Dependencies: Safety protocol updates, equipment modification, union consultation; Timeline: 45-day remediation required.
" (exemplifying a Health Risk Description-Item with Immediate Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Public Health Compliance Risk; Entity: Food Services Division; Description: Emerging pathogen requiring protocol updates across 500 locations; Impact: Consumer safety exposure; Dependencies: Health authority guidance, staff training, facility upgrades; Timeline: 90-day implementation.
" (exemplifying a Health Risk Description-Item with Compliance Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Insurance Coverage:
- "
Label: Liability Coverage Risk; Entity: Product Safety Unit; Description: New product category exceeding existing liability limits; Impact: $100M coverage gap identified; Dependencies: Underwriter assessment, risk transfer options, policy modification; Timeline: Pre-launch requirement.
" (exemplifying a Financial Risk Description-Item with Risk Transfer implications). - "
Label: Cyber Insurance Risk; Entity: Digital Operations; Description: Coverage renewal facing 300% premium increase; Impact: $5M additional cost or coverage reduction; Dependencies: Security posture assessment, alternative market review; Timeline: 60-day decision window.
" (exemplifying a Risk Transfer Description-Item with Technical Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Change Management:
- "
Label: Cultural Integration Risk; Entity: Post-Merger Integration; Description: Cultural clash affecting productivity in merged operations; Impact: 25% efficiency reduction observed; Dependencies: Leadership alignment, communication program, behavioral metrics; Timeline: 12-month harmonization plan.
" (exemplifying a Organizational Change Risk Description-Item with Human Resource Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Process Transformation Risk; Entity: Operations Excellence; Description: Resistance to automation affecting implementation timeline; Impact: 40% adoption rate vs 80% target; Dependencies: Change champion network, training effectiveness, incentive alignment; Timeline: 9-month milestone at risk.
" (exemplifying a Change Management Risk Description-Item with Operational Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Severity Level:
- "
Label: Catastrophic System Failure Risk; Entity: Power Generation; Description: Core cooling system showing multiple failure indicators; Impact: Potential total plant shutdown; Dependencies: Emergency response team, regulatory notification, public safety protocols; Timeline: Immediate assessment required.
" (exemplifying a Major Risk Description-Item with Immediate Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Software Update Risk; Entity: Mobile App Division; Description: Minor feature deprecation affecting 5% of users; Impact: Temporary user experience degradation; Dependencies: User notification, support script updates; Timeline: Next release cycle.
" (exemplifying a Minor Risk Description-Item with Short-Term Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Assessment Confidence:
- "
Label: Market Entry Risk; Entity: New Ventures; Description: First-time market entry into uncertain regulatory environment; Impact: Range from $10M to $50M investment exposure; Dependencies: Local expert validation, scenario modeling, pilot testing; Timeline: 12-month evaluation phase.
" (exemplifying a Low-Confidence Risk Description-Item with Complex Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Equipment Lifecycle Risk; Entity: Production Engineering; Description: Critical machinery approaching documented end-of-life; Impact: Replacement cost $2.3M +/- 5%; Dependencies: Vendor quotes, installation planning, production schedule; Timeline: 6-month window.
" (exemplifying a High-Confidence Risk Description-Item with Operational Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Existential Impact:
- "
Label: AI Safety Risk; Entity: Global Research Consortium; Description: Advanced AI system development without adequate safety controls; Impact: Potential uncontrolled deployment scenarios; Dependencies: International governance frameworks, containment protocols, ethics board oversight; Timeline: Critical ongoing monitoring.
" (exemplifying an Existential Risk Description-Item with Global Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Pandemic Preparedness Risk; Entity: World Health Systems; Description: Novel pathogen emergence showing unprecedented transmission patterns; Impact: Global population vulnerability; Dependencies: Early warning systems, vaccine development capability, international coordination; Timeline: Immediate response protocol activation.
" (exemplifying an Existential Risk Description-Item with Health Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Conflict Impact:
- "
Label: Geopolitical Conflict Risk; Entity: Multinational Operations; Description: Military conflict affecting 30% of supply routes; Impact: Critical resource access threatened; Dependencies: Regional stability assessment, contingency routing, diplomatic channels; Timeline: Rapid response required.
" (exemplifying a War Risk Description-Item with External Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Cyber Warfare Risk; Entity: Critical Infrastructure; Description: State-sponsored cyber attacks targeting essential services; Impact: Potential widespread service disruption; Dependencies: Defense systems, international cooperation, incident response capabilities; Timeline: Continuous threat monitoring.
" (exemplifying a War Risk Description-Item with Technical Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Climate Impact:
- "
Label: Sea Level Rise Risk; Entity: Coastal Operations Network; Description: Accelerated sea level rise threatening 40% of facilities; Impact: $2B infrastructure exposure by 2040; Dependencies: Climate modeling, adaptation engineering, relocation planning; Timeline: Long-term strategic response.
" (exemplifying a Climate Risk Description-Item with Long-Term Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Extreme Weather Risk; Entity: Global Supply Chain; Description: Increasing frequency of Category 5 storms disrupting major logistics hubs; Impact: 60-day cumulative disruption annually; Dependencies: Weather monitoring systems, resilient infrastructure development, alternative routing capacity; Timeline: Seasonal preparedness required.
" (exemplifying a Climate Risk Description-Item with Operational Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Technology Domain:
- "
Label: AI Model Drift Risk; Entity: ML Operations; Description: Production model accuracy declining 15% below threshold; Impact: Customer experience degradation affecting 30% of users; Dependencies: Data quality, monitoring systems; Timeline: 72-hour detection window.
" (exemplifying a Technical Risk Description-Item with Immediate Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Digital Infrastructure Obsolescence Risk; Entity: Enterprise IT; Description: Legacy systems reaching end-of-support affecting 40% of core applications; Impact: Security vulnerability exposure; Dependencies: Modernization roadmap, budget allocation; Timeline: 18-month migration window.
" (exemplifying a Technical Risk Description-Item with Medium-Term Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- By Environmental Sustainability:
- "
Label: Carbon Pricing Risk; Entity: Global Manufacturing; Description: New carbon tax implementation across key markets; Impact: 25% increase in operational costs; Dependencies: Emission tracking systems, clean energy transition; Timeline: 24-month adaptation period.
" (exemplifying an Environmental Risk Description-Item with Financial Risk Description-Item characteristics). - "
Label: Biodiversity Loss Risk; Entity: Agricultural Division; Description: Pollinator decline affecting crop yields; Impact: 30% reduction in production capacity; Dependencies: Habitat conservation, alternative pollination methods; Timeline: 36-month agricultural adaptation.
" (exemplifying an Environmental Risk Description-Item with Operational Risk Description-Item characteristics).
- "
- ...
- By Risk Domain and Scope:
- Counter-Example(s):
- Opportunity Description-Items, which identify potential business benefits rather than risks (e.g., market expansion opportunities that focus on gains rather than losses)
- Problem Description-Items, which document current issues without uncertainty (e.g., existing system failures rather than potential future failures.
- Event Record Description-Items, which record past occurrences rather than potential future events (e.g., incident reports documenting what has already happened).
- Certainty Description-Items, which describe known outcomes rather than risk events (e.g., scheduled maintenance impacts rather than potential failures.
- Status Description-Items, which report current system states rather than potential adverse events (e.g., system health metrics rather than potential degradation scenarios.
- See: Contract-Related Risk Description, Risk Management, Risk Event, Risk Assessment, Risk Control, Risk Monitoring, Risk Response Planning.
References
2024
- Perplexity.ai
- Q: Explain the concept of Risk Representation-Items as event representations in risk management, including their classification dimensions (domain, entity, severity, source, complexity), key components, and management methods. Include how they incorporate risk signals and interpretations, their various manifestations (organizational vs personal), and management approaches (assessment, control, monitoring). Differentiate between health, legal, financial, operational, and strategic risks. Explain how they differ from opportunity, problem, and certainty representations. Please provide examples of how they're used in practical risk management scenarios.
- Based on the search results, I'll comprehensively analyze risk representation in risk management, focusing on event-based and non-event-based perspectives.
- Risk Classification Framework
- Basic Risk Components
- Hazards: The potential source of harm or adverse effects
- Hazardous events: Specific incidents that could lead to harm
- Harms: The actual negative consequences that may result[1]
- Basic Risk Components
- Types of Risk Representations
- Event-Based Risks
- Characterized by discrete, unforeseen incidents
- Stochastic uncertainty with may-or-may-not-happen nature
- Examples include:
- Supplier bankruptcy during projects
- Regulatory changes
- Resource loss during critical phases[2]
- Non-Event Based Risks
- Inherent, ongoing aspects of the environment
- Present without specific triggering events
- Include operational, financial, and strategic uncertainties[2]
- Event-Based Risks
- Risk Assessment Dimensions
- Likelihood Assessment
- Highly Likely: >91% probability
- Likely: 61-90% probability
- Possible: Moderate probability
- Unlikely: Low probability[3]
- Impact Severity
- Catastrophic: Major organizational impacts
- Major: Significant disruption
- Moderate: Notable but manageable effects
- Minor: Limited impact[3]
- Likelihood Assessment
- Risk Management Process
- Strategic Components
- Risk identification and assessment
- Cross-functional team formation
- Scope definition
- Risk prioritization
- Mitigation planning
- Crisis communication preparation[4]
- Strategic Components
- Practical Implementation
- Risk Matrix Application
- Uses intersection of likelihood and impact
- Color-coded severity indicators:
- Red: High risk
- Yellow: Moderate risk
- Green: Low risk[5]
- Management Methods
- Comprehensive assessment across all facets
- Clear communication channels
- Regular monitoring and updates
- Response strategy development[4]
- Risk Matrix Application
- Special Considerations
- Event Risk in Markets
- Can manifest as sudden price movements
- Often tied to specific announcements or reports
- Requires specific management strategies like diversification[6]
- Organizational Context
- Must align with organizational risk tolerance
- Requires integration with broader risk management framework
- Needs continuous monitoring and adjustment [7]
- Event Risk in Markets
- Citations:
[1] https://inferenceproject.yale.edu/sites/default/files/epistemic_risk.pdf [2] https://mudassiriqbal.net/event-based-risk-and-non-event-risks/ [3] https://www.auditboard.com/blog/what-is-a-risk-assessment-matrix/ [4] https://www.vfairs.com/blog/event-risk-management/ [5] https://www.wrike.com/blog/what-is-risk-matrix/ [6] https://www.tradestation.com/insights/2023/12/31/understanding-event-risk/ [7] https://nvlpubs.nist.gov/nistpubs/legacy/sp/nistspecialpublication800-30r1.pdf [8] https://www.pmi.org/learning/library/event-based-risk-management-project-execution-6660
2024a
- Perplexity.ai
- A Risk Issue Item represents a potential risk that could impede the achievement of organizational objectives. These risks can arise across various domains including legal, financial, operational, and strategic sectors. Effective management of these risks is crucial for organizations to maintain resilience against uncertainties.
- Categories of Risk Issue Items: Risk Issue Items can be classified based on several criteria:
- Entity**: Risks can be categorized as either organizational (affecting the entire organization) or personal (affecting individuals).
- Severity**: Risks are assessed as minor or major based on their potential impact.
- Source**: Risks can be internal (originating within the organization) or external (arising from outside factors).
- Complexity**: Risks may be simple (easily understood and managed) or complex (requiring detailed analysis and multi-faceted strategies).
- Management Strategies: Effective management of Risk Issue Items involves several key processes:
- Risk Assessment**: Identifying and evaluating risks based on their likelihood and potential impact.
- Control Measures**: Implementing strategies to mitigate identified risks.
- Monitoring**: Continuously tracking risks and adjusting strategies as necessary.
- Organizations often use risk assessment matrices to prioritize risks based on their likelihood of occurrence and the severity of their impact. This structured approach helps in allocating resources efficiently to manage high-priority risks effectively[1][2].
- Examples and Counterexamples
- Contract-related Risks**: Issues arising from contractual obligations that may lead to legal disputes or financial loss.
- Financial Impact Risks**: Potential losses associated with market fluctuations, credit defaults, or unexpected expenses.
- In contrast, counterexamples that do not qualify as Risk Issue Items include:
- Opportunity Items**: Situations that present potential benefits rather than threats.
- Known Outcomes**: Events or results that are predictable and do not pose a risk to objectives.
- Importance of Understanding Risk Issue Items: Understanding the nature and management of Risk Issue Items is essential for organizations to navigate challenges effectively. By recognizing potential risks early and implementing appropriate management strategies, organizations can enhance their resilience against uncertainties in their operations and strategic initiatives. This proactive approach not only safeguards organizational objectives but also fosters a culture of continuous improvement and adaptability in an ever-changing environment[3][4].
- Citations:
[1] https://www.auditboard.com/blog/what-is-a-risk-assessment-matrix/ [2] https://acqnotes.com/acqnote/tasks/risk-identification-procedures [3] https://techdocs.broadcom.com/us/en/ca-enterprise-software/business-management/clarity-project-and-portfolio-management-ppm-on-premise/16-0-0/Using-Classic-Clarity-PPM/project-management/project-risks-issues-change-requests-and-action-items.html [4] https://scaledagileframework.com/pi-planning/ [5] https://asana.com/resources/project-risks [6] https://asana.com/resources/risk-register [7] https://niftypm.com/blog/difference-between-risk-and-issue-in-project-management/ [8] https://content1.dau.edu/DAUMIG_se-brainbook_189/content/Management%20Processes/Risk-Management.html