Physical Object
A Physical Object is a material entity that occupies physical space and consists of matter (with defined boundary and physical properties).
- AKA: Physical Body, Material Object, Matter Body.
- Context:
- It can range from being a Subatomic Particle to being a Celestial Body, depending on its physical scale.
- It can range from being a Simple Physical Object to being a Complex Physical System, depending on its structural complexity.
- It can range from being a Natural Physical Object to being an Artificial Physical Object, depending on its origin type.
- It can range from being a Rigid Body to being a Deformable Object, depending on its material property.
- It can range from being a Discrete Object to being a Continuous Medium, depending on its matter distribution.
- ...
- It can manifest Physical Presence through spatial occupation and material composition.
- It can demonstrate Material Properties through physical characteristics and measurable attributes.
- It can maintain Spatial Boundary through physical limits and material continuity.
- It can exhibit Conservation Properties through physical laws and fundamental forces.
- It can possess Quantitative Measures through quantities and measurement units.
- It can interact through Physical Forces via fundamental interactions and field effects.
- It can undergo Physical Changes through state transitions and material transformations.
- It can participate in Energy Exchanges through physical processes and interactions.
- It can experience Physical Motion through spatial translation and rotational movement.
- It can maintain Object Identity through temporal continuity and spatial boundarys.
- ...
- It can demonstrate Physical Behavior through:
- It can maintain Physical State through:
- ...
- Examples:
- Quantum Scale Objects, such as:
- Elementary Particles, such as:
- Electron for charge carrier.
- Quark for matter component.
- Photon for force carrier.
- Neutrino for weak interaction.
- Composite Particles, such as:
- Proton for atomic nucleus.
- Neutron for nuclear structure.
- Meson for quark combination.
- Baryon for matter formation.
- Elementary Particles, such as:
- Atomic Scale Objects, such as:
- Atoms, such as:
- Hydrogen Atom for simplest element.
- Carbon Atom for organic basis.
- Iron Atom for metal structure.
- Uranium Atom for nuclear fuel.
- Molecules, such as:
- Simple Molecules, such as:
- Complex Molecules, such as:
- Atoms, such as:
- Microscopic Objects, such as:
- Biological Microstructures, such as:
- Crystal Structures, such as:
- Nanoscale Objects, such as:
- Nanoparticles, such as:
- Nanostructures, such as:
- Macroscopic Objects, such as:
- Natural Objects, such as:
- Minerals, such as:
- Biological Entitys, such as:
- Plant for photosynthesis process.
- Animal for biological system.
- Fungus for decomposition process.
- Manufactured Objects, such as:
- Simple Tools, such as:
- Lever for force multiplication.
- Wheel for rotational motion.
- Pulley for load lifting.
- Complex Machines, such as:
- Computer for information processing.
- Robot for automated task.
- Vehicle for transportation purpose.
- Simple Tools, such as:
- Natural Objects, such as:
- Fluid Bodys, such as:
- Liquid Bodys, such as:
- Gaseous Bodys, such as:
- Geological Formations, such as:
- Surface Formations, such as:
- Subsurface Structures, such as:
- Crystal Deposit for mineral formation.
- Cave Network for water erosion.
- Oil Reservoir for hydrocarbon trap.
- Aquifer for water storage.
- Astronomical Objects, such as:
- Solar System Bodys, such as:
- Sun for stellar center.
- Planet for orbital body.
- Moon for natural satellite.
- Asteroid for minor body.
- Stellar Objects, such as:
- Galactic Structures, such as:
- Solar System Bodys, such as:
- ...
- Quantum Scale Objects, such as:
- Counter-Examples:
- Abstract Concepts like mathematics, which lack physical manifestation.
- Virtual Entitys like software, which lack material form.
- Fields like electromagnetic fields, which lack discrete boundarys.
- Wave Functions like quantum states, which lack classical determinacy.
- Vacuum States like empty space, which lack matter content.
- See: Physical System, Physics, Matter, Space, Time, Force, Energy, Mass, Momentum, Charge, Conservation Law, Scientific Model, Particle Physics, Classical Mechanics, Quantum Mechanics, Relativity.
References
2016
- (Wikipedia, 2016) ⇒ http://wikipedia.org/wiki/Physical_body Retrieved:2016-4-25.
- In physics, a physical body or physical object (sometimes simply called a body or object) is an identifiable collection of matter, which may be more or less constrained to move together by translation or rotation, in 3-dimensional space.
In common usage an object is a collection of matter within a defined contiguous boundary in 3-dimensional space. The boundary must be defined and identified by the properties of the material. The boundary may change over time. The boundary is usually the visible or tangible surface of the object. The matter in the object is constrained (to a greater or lesser degree) to move as one object. The boundary may move in space relative to other objects that it is not attached to (through translation and rotation). An objects boundary may also deform and change over time in other ways.
Also in common usage an object is not constrained to consist of the same collection of matter. Atoms or parts of an object may change over time. An object is defined by the simplest representation of the boundary consistent with the observations. However the laws of Physics only apply directly to objects that consist of the same collection of matter.
Each object has a unique identity, independent of any other properties. Two objects may be identical, in all properties except position, but still remain distinguishable. In most cases the boundaries of two objects may not overlap at any point in time. The property of identity allows objects to be counted.
Examples of models of physical bodies include, but are not limited to a particle, several interacting smaller bodies (particles or other), and continuous media.
The common conception of physical objects includes that they have extension in the physical world, although there do exist theories of quantum physics and cosmology which may challengethis. In modern physics, "extension" is understood in terms of the spacetime: roughly speaking, it means that for a given moment of time the body has some location in the space, although not necessarily a point. A physical body as a whole is assumed to have such quantitative properties as mass, momentum, electric charge, other conserving quantities, and possibly other quantities.
A body with known composition and described in an adequate physical theory is an example of physical system.
- In physics, a physical body or physical object (sometimes simply called a body or object) is an identifiable collection of matter, which may be more or less constrained to move together by translation or rotation, in 3-dimensional space.
2009
- http://sigma.ontologyportal.org:4010/sigma/Browse.jsp?lang=EnglishLanguage&kb=SUMO&term=Object
- "Corresponds roughly to the class of ordinary objects. Examples include normal physical objects, geographical regions, and locations of Processes, the complement of Objects in the Physical class. In a 4D ontology, an Object is something whose spatiotemporal extent is thought of as dividing into spatial parts roughly parallel to the time-axis.")