Physical System
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A Physical System is a system that is a material construct (composed of interacting physical items governed by physical laws).
- Context:
- It can (typically) be composed of two or more interacting Physical Components through material structures.
- It can (typically) follow Physical Laws through natural principles and physical constraints.
- It can (typically) occupy Physical Space through spatial dimensions and material presence.
- It can (typically) exhibit Physical Propertys through measurable characteristics.
- It can (typically) demonstrate Physical Behavior through component interactions.
- It can (often) undergo Physical Processes through state changes.
- It can (often) exchange Physical Energy with its environment.
- It can (often) maintain Physical States through equilibrium conditions.
- It can (often) produce Physical System Outcomes through system operations.
- ...
- It can range from being an Open Physical System to being a Closed Physical System, depending on its boundary conditions.
- It can range from being a Static Physical System to being a Dynamic Physical System, depending on its temporal behavior.
- It can range from being a Non-Living System to being a Living System, depending on its biological nature.
- It can range from being a Microscopic System to being a Macroscopic System, depending on its physical scale.
- ...
- It can have Physical Propertys such as:
- Weight Property through gravitational interactions.
- Spatial Dimension through physical extent.
- Physical System Beauty Property through aesthetic quality.
- It can be represented by a Physical System Model, such as a Physics equation.
- ...
- Example(s):
- Cosmic Systems, such as:
- Natural Systems, such as:
- Living Systems, such as:
- Natural Processes for physical transformations.
- Engineered Systems, such as:
- Computing Systems, such as:
- Mechanical Systems, such as:
- Automobiles for transportation.
- Wheels for rotational motion.
- Scale-Specific Systems, such as:
- ...
- Counter-Example(s):
- Abstract Systems, which lack physical substance.
- Software Programs on computer storage, which are logical constructs.
- Virtual Systems, which exist in digital space.
- See: Physical Structure, Physics, Isolated System, Natural System, Mass-Energy Equivalence.
References
2014
- (Wikipedia, 2014) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/physical_system Retrieved:2014-3-7.
- In physics, the word system has a technical meaning; namely, a physical system [1] is the portion of the physical universe chosen for analysis. [2] [3] Everything outside the system is known as the environment, which in analysis is ignored except for its effects on the system. The cut between system and the world is a free choice, generally made to simplify the analysis as much as possible. An isolated system is one which is supposed to have negligible interaction with its environment.
Often a system in this sense is chosen to correspond to the more usual meaning of system, such as a particular machine. But physical systems are often more esoteric: an atom, the water in a lake, or indeed the water in the left-hand half of a lake can all be considered as physical systems. In the study of quantum decoherence the "system" may refer to the macroscopic properties of an object (e.g. the position of a pendulum bob), while the relevant "environment" may be the internal degrees of freedom, described classically by the pendulum's thermal vibrations.
- In physics, the word system has a technical meaning; namely, a physical system [1] is the portion of the physical universe chosen for analysis. [2] [3] Everything outside the system is known as the environment, which in analysis is ignored except for its effects on the system. The cut between system and the world is a free choice, generally made to simplify the analysis as much as possible. An isolated system is one which is supposed to have negligible interaction with its environment.
- ↑ An Essay on the Investigation of the First Principles of Nature. By Felix O'Gallagher. J. Hill, at the College Printing-House, 1784.
- ↑ The Newtonian Revolution. By I. Bernard Cohen. Cambridge University Press, Apr 29, 1983.
- ↑ Papers on Mechanical and Physical Subjects: The sub-mechanics of the universe. By Osborne Reynolds, Arthur William Brightmore, William Henry Moorby. The University Press, 1903.
2009
- SUMO http://sigma.ontologyportal.org:4010/sigma/Browse.jsp?lang=EnglishLanguage&kb=SUMO&term=Process
- "Intuitively, the class of things that happen and have temporal parts or stages. Examples include extended events like a football match or a race, actions like Pursuing and Reading, and biological processes. The formal definition is: anything that lasts for a time but is not an Object. Note that a Process may have participants 'inside' it which are Objects, such as the players in a football match. In a 4D ontology, a Process is something whose spatiotemporal extent is thought of as dividing into temporal stages roughly perpendicular to the time-axis.")