2016 TheLAMBADADatasetWordPrediction

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Subject Headings: Lambada Dataset, GPT-2 Benchmark Task, Word Prediction Task.

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Abstract

We introduce LAMBADA, a dataset to evaluate the capabilities of computational models for text understanding by means of a word prediction task. LAMBADA is a collection of narrative passages sharing the characteristic that human subjects are able to guess their last word if they are exposed to the whole passage, but not if they only see the last sentence preceding the target word. To succeed on LAMBADA, computational models cannot simply rely on local context, but must be able to keep track of information in the broader discourse. We show that LAMBADA exemplifies a wide range of linguistic phenomena, and that none of several state-of-the-art language models reaches accuracy above 1% on this novel benchmark. We thus propose LAMBADA as a challenging test set, meant to encourage the development of new models capable of genuine understanding of broad context in natural language text.

References

BibTeX

@inproceedings{2016_TheLAMBADADatasetWordPrediction,
  author    = {Denis Paperno and
               German Kruszewski and
               Angeliki Lazaridou and
               Quan Ngoc Pham and
               Raffaella Bernardi and
               Sandro Pezzelle and
               Marco Baroni and
               Gemma Boleda and
               Raquel Fernandez},
  title     = {The LAMBADA dataset: Word prediction requiring a broad discourse
               context},
  booktitle = {Proceedings of the 54th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational
               Linguistics (ACL 2016) Volume 1: Long Papers},
  publisher = {The Association for Computer Linguistics},
  year      = {2016},
  url       = {https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/p16-1144},
  doi       = {10.18653/v1/p16-1144},
}


 AuthorvolumeDate ValuetitletypejournaltitleUrldoinoteyear
2016 TheLAMBADADatasetWordPredictionRaffaella Bernardi
Marco Baroni
Denis Paperno
German Kruszewski
Angeliki Lazaridou
Quan Ngoc Pham
Sandro Pezzelle
Gemma Boleda
Raquel Fernandez
The LAMBADA Dataset: Word Prediction Requiring a Broad Discourse Context2016