Pattern Detection Task

A Pattern Detection Task is a Matching Task where Items that match a Pattern must be identified in a Data Set and Performance is measured in Error Reduction.

• AKA: Detection, Detect, Detection Task, Probabilistic Detection Task, Approximate Matching Task.
• Context:
  • Input:
    • Dataset.
    • a Data Pattern (e.g. Training Data).
    • a Pattern Type
  • output:
    • True/False or Start/End.
    • Probability.
    • Optionally, The starting place and the stopping place of Data Segments that match the Data Pattern or approximate the Training Data.
  • Performance: Accuracy, Precision, and Recall.
  • It can be a part of a Recognition Task, which also incorporates a Classification Task.
  • It can be applied to NLP Tasks by treating the Text Document input as a Sequential Dataset.
• Example(s):
  • A Signal Detection Task.
  • A Movement Detection Task.
  • A Heartbeat Detection Task.
  • A Face Detection Task.
  • A Sentence Boundary Detection Task,
• Counter-Example(s):
  • A Exact Matching Task, which requires perfect performance.
  • A Recognition Task, which involves classifying what has been detected.
  • An Cost Function Optimization Task that requires the optimal solution given a Cost Function.
  • A Constraint Satisfaction Task that requires any solution within the given Constraint Set.
  • A Coreference Resolution Task.
  • A Normalization Task.
• See: Recognition Task.

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References

• (WordNet, 2009) ⇒ http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=detect
  • Verb
    • S: (v) detect, observe, find, discover, notice (discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of) "She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water"; “We found traces of lead in the paint"
• http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/detect
  • Verb: to detect (third-person singular simple present detects, present participle detecting, simple past and past participle detected)
    • 1. to discover or find by careful search, examination, or probing
  • Derived terms
    • detection
    • detective
    • detector
• http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/detection
  • Noun
    • 1. The act of detecting or sensing something; discovering something that was hidden or disguised.
• (WordNet, 2009) ⇒ http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=detection
  • S: (n) detection, sensing (the perception that something has occurred or some state exists) "early detection can often lead to a cure"
  • S: (n) detection, catching, espial, spying, spotting (the act of detecting something; catching sight of something)
  • S: (n) signal detection, detection (the detection that a signal is being received)
  • S: (n) detection, detecting, detective work, sleuthing (a police investigation to determine the perpetrator) "detection is hard on the feet"
• (Wikipedia, 2009) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detection
  • In general, detection is the extraction of information from any clear or clouded ambient or otherwise accessible stream of information without neither support from the sender nor synchronization to the sender.
  • In the history of radio communications, "detectors" where the first operable type of semiconductor diodes to extract modulated signal from their carrier. Still today, in multi-channel systems, detecting is the selective extraction of an AM signal from its carrier frequency.
  • In communications, detection is the extraction of intelligence from a carrier signal in a stream of electro-magnetic energy. Note that this may be either an overt signal, as in a conventional radio broadcast, a noise signal as in heavily interfered ambient signals or a covert signal, as in steganography. Typically this involves a radio detector.
  • In opto-electronic or other radiation systems, the detection means the generation of an electrical signal in response to a received optical input. For example, the optical signal received from an optical fiber is converted to an electrical signal in a detector, often by a photodiode.
• http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/detector
  • Noun
    • 1. A device capable of registering a specific substance or physical phenomenon. Smoke detectors are mandatory in public buildings.

2005

• Hans Strasburger. (2005). “Unfocussed Spatial Attention Underlies the Crowding Effect in Indirect Form Vision.” In: Journal of Vision, 5(11):8.
  • In a hierarchy of task complexity ranging from

(1) pattern detection (present/nonpresent), (2) coarse grating discrimination1 (horizontal/vertical), (3) fine grating discrimination (orientation threshold), and (4) character recognition or identification, Tasks 1 and 2 can be treated as more or less equivalent and as different from Task 4. The distinctive characteristic of the highest-level perceptual tasks–recognition or identification–as compared to the lower level (discrimination) we there suggested to be the dimensionality of the decision space, i.e. the requirement for the observer to chose his or her response from a comparatively large number of alternatives.

• • 1The term “discrimination task” is sometimes used in a different meaning, implying the judgement of a quantity being larger or smaller than another (the corresponding psychometric function then goes from −1 to 1). This is not implied here, the intended meaning being that the observer can discriminate between two broadly different stimuli and thereby identify each. The term “identification task” is sometimes used for that case but is avoided here to reserve the concept of identification for those tasks where discrimination between a few cases will not solve the identification.

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