Detection Task

A Detection Task is an existence test task for whether and where an object type exists in a data stream.

• AKA: Sequence Membership Existence Test Task.
• Context:
  • It can be instantiated in a Detection Act.
  • It can range from being a Univariate Detection Task to being a Multivariate Detection Task (such as a bivariate detection task).
  • It can range from being a Numerical Detection Task to being a Categorical Detection Task.
  • It can range from being a Unordered-Data Detection Task to being a Sequential-Data Detection Task (such as a temporal detection task).
  • It can range from being a I.I.D. Detection Task to being a Non-I.I.D. Outlier Detection Task.
  • It can be solved by an Detection System (that applies an detection algorithm).
  • …
• Example(s):
  • a Change Point Detection Task.
  • an Intrusion Detection Task.
  • a Collision Detection Task.
  • an Anomaly Detection Task.
  • …
• Counter-Example(s):
  • a Set Membership Existence.
  • a Segmentation Task.
  • an Identification Task, such as a Concept Mention Identification Task or a Face Identification Task.
  • a Record Classification Task.
• See: Pattern Detection Task(?).

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References

2013

• (Wikipedia, 2013) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Detection
  • In general, detection is the extraction of particular information from a larger stream of information without specific cooperation from or synchronization with the sender.

    In the history of radio communications, the term “detector” was first used for a device that detected the simple presence or absence of a radio signal, since all communications were in Morse code. The term is still in use today to describe a component that extracts a particular signal from all of the electromagnetic waves present. Detection is usually based on the frequency of the carrier wave, as in the familiar frequencies of radio broadcasting, but it may also involve filtering a faint signal from noise, as in radio astronomy, or reconstructing a hidden signal, as in steganography.

    In optoelectronics, "detection" means converting a received optical input to an electrical output. For example, the light signal received through an optical fiber is converted to an electrical signal in a detector such as a photodiode.

    In steganography, attempts to detect hidden signals in suspected carrier material is referred to as steganalysis. Steganalysis has an interesting difference from most other types of detection, in that it can often only determine the probability that a hidden message exists; this is in contrast to the detection of signals which are simply encrypted, as the ciphertext can often be identified with certainty, even if it cannot be decoded.

    In the military, detection refers to the special discipline of reconnaissance with the aim to recognize the presence of an object in a location or ambiance.

    Finally, the art of detection, also known as following clues, is the work of a detective[1] in attempting to reconstruct a sequence of events by identifying the relevant information in a situation.

2009

• (WordNet, 2009) ⇒ http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=detect
  • Verb
    • S: (v) detect, observe, find, discover, notice (discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of) "She detected high levels of lead in her drinking water"; "We found traces of lead in the paint"
• http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/detect
  • Verb: to detect (third-person singular simple present detects, present participle detecting, simple past and past participle detected)
    • 1. to discover or find by careful search, examination, or probing
  • Derived terms
    • detection
    • detective
    • detector
• http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/detection
  • Noun
    • 1. The act of detecting or sensing something; discovering something that was hidden or disguised.
• (WordNet, 2009) ⇒ http://wordnetweb.princeton.edu/perl/webwn?s=detection
  • S: (n) detection, sensing (the perception that something has occurred or some state exists) "early detection can often lead to a cure"
  • S: (n) detection, catching, espial, spying, spotting (the act of detecting something; catching sight of something)
  • S: (n) signal detection, detection (the detection that a signal is being received)
  • S: (n) detection, detecting, detective work, sleuthing (a police investigation to determine the perpetrator) "detection is hard on the feet"

2005

• (Strasburger, 2005) ⇒ Hans Strasburger. (2005). “Unfocussed Spatial Attention Underlies the Crowding Effect in Indirect Form Vision.” In: Journal of Vision, 5(11):8.
  • In a hierarchy of task complexity ranging from
    1. pattern detection (present/nonpresent),
    2. coarse grating discrimination1 (horizontal/vertical),
    3. fine grating discrimination (orientation threshold), and
    4. character recognition or identification,
  • Tasks 1 and 2 can be treated as more or less equivalent and as different from Task 4. The distinctive characteristic of the highest-level perceptual tasks–recognition or identification–as compared to the lower level (discrimination) we there suggested to be the dimensionality of the decision space, i.e. the requirement for the observer to chose his or her response from a comparatively large number of alternatives.
  • 1The term “discrimination task” is sometimes used in a different meaning, implying the judgement of a quantity being larger or smaller than another (the corresponding psychometric function then goes from −1 to 1). This is not implied here, the intended meaning being that the observer can discriminate between two broadly different stimuli and thereby identify each. The term “identification task” is sometimes used for that case but is avoided here to reserve the concept of identification for those tasks where discrimination between a few cases will not solve the identification.

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