Nationalist Political Ideology

A Nationalist Political Ideology is a Identity-based political ideology which holds that the nation should be congruent with the state.

• Context:
  • It can (typically) tap into (collective) National Pride.
  • It can (often) be reinforced by historical narratives, cultural symbols, and shared heritage that emphasize the uniqueness of the nation.
  • It can be associated with Nationalist Movements seeking to achieve or maintain political autonomy.
  • It can (frequently) manifest through the promotion of national languages, national symbols, and traditional values.
  • It can range from promoting inclusive Civic Nationalism based on shared values to exclusive Ethnic Nationalism based on common ancestry.
  • It can range from peaceful cultural nationalism to aggressive expansionist nationalism.
  • It can range from being a stabilizing force in society to a radicalizing force that disrupts international relations.
  • It can be associated with Tribalism, Patriotism, National Pride (nationalistic self-admiration), and National Symbols.
  • It can lead to political policies or social attitudes that prioritize the welfare of the nation-state over global cooperation.
  • …
• Example(s):
  • Regional Nationalisms: Scottish Nationalism, Catalan Nationalism, Kurdish Nationalism, Quebecois Nationalism, Basque Nationalism.
  • State Nationalisms: American Nationalism, Russian Nationalism, Chinese Nationalism, Indian Nationalism, Japanese Nationalism.
  • Ethnic Nationalisms: Hindutva, Zionism, Serbian Nationalism, Tamil Nationalism, Pashtun Nationalism.
  • Political Ideologies Combining Nationalism: Fascism, Nationalist Populism, Authoritarian Nationalism, Socialist Nationalism, Right-Wing Nationalism.
  • …
• Counter-Example(s):
  • Irredentist Ideology.
  • Civic-ism (tapping into civil pride).
  • Cultural-ism (tapping into cultural pride).
  • Internationalism, Globalism.
  • Political Liberalism.
• See: Tribalism, Nation, National Identity, Social Conditioning, Primordialism, [[]], Engaged Theory, Anomie, Community.

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References

2021

• (Wikipedia, 2021) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/nationalism Retrieved:2021-7-8.
  • Nationalism is an idea and movement that holds that the nation should be congruent with the state. As a movement, nationalism tends to promote the interests of a particular nation (as in a group of people), especially with the aim of gaining and maintaining the nation's sovereignty (self-governance) over its homeland. Nationalism holds that each nation should govern itself, free from outside interference (self-determination), that a nation is a natural and ideal basis for a polity and that the nation is the only rightful source of political power (popular sovereignty). It further aims to build and maintain a single national identity, based on shared social characteristics of culture, ethnicity, geographic location, language, politics (or the government), religion, traditions and belief in a shared singular history, and to promote national unity or solidarity. Nationalism seeks to preserve and foster a nation's traditional cultures and cultural revivals have been associated with nationalist movements. It also encourages pride in national achievements and is closely linked to patriotism. Nationalism can be combined with diverse political goals and ideologies such as conservatism (national conservatism) or socialism (left-wing nationalism). Throughout history, people have had an attachment to their kin group and traditions, territorial authorities and their homeland, but nationalism did not become a widely recognized concept until the end of the 18th century. There are three paradigms for understanding the origins and basis of nationalism. Primordialism (perennialism) proposes that there have always been nations and that nationalism is a natural phenomenon. Ethnosymbolism explains nationalism as a dynamic, evolutionary phenomenon and stresses the importance of symbols, myths and traditions in the development of nations and nationalism. Modernization theory proposes that nationalism is a recent social phenomenon that needs the socio-economic structures of modern society to exist. There are various definitions of a "nation" which leads to different types of nationalism. Ethnic nationalism defines the nation in terms of shared ethnicity, heritage and culture while civic nationalism defines the nation in terms of shared citizenship, values and institutions, and is linked to constitutional patriotism. The adoption of national identity in terms of historical development has often been a response by influential groups unsatisfied with traditional identities due to mismatch between their defined social order and the experience of that social order by its members, resulting in an anomie that nationalists seek to resolve. This anomie results in a society reinterpreting identity, retaining elements deemed acceptable and removing elements deemed unacceptable, to create a unified community. This development may be the result of internal structural issues or the result of resentment by an existing group or groups towards other communities, especially foreign powers that are (or are deemed to be) controlling them.National symbols and flags, national anthems, national languages, national myths and other symbols of national identity are highly important in nationalism. In practice, nationalism can be seen as positive or negative depending on context and individual outlook. Nationalism has been an important driver in independence movements such as the Greek Revolution, the Irish Revolution, the Zionist movement that created modern Israel and the dissolution of the Soviet Union. Radical nationalism combined with racial hatred was also a key factor in the Holocaust perpetrated by Nazi Germany. Nationalism was an important driver of the controversial annexation of Crimea by Russia.

2019

• "False Flags: The Myth of the Nationalist Resurgence."
  • QUOTE: ... What the past few years have witnessed is not the rise of nationalism per se but the rise of one variant of it: nationalist populism. “Nationalism” and “populism” are often conflated, but they refer to different phenomena. The most charitable definition of “nationalism” is the idea that cultural communities should ideally possess their own states

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