Kotlin Programming Language

A Kotlin Programming Language is a cross-platform strongly-typed statically-typed general-purpose programming language with type inference.

• Context:
  • It can define legal Kotlin Statements.
  • It can be used to define Kotlin Code, such as a Kotlin program or Kotlin library.
  • It can be used by a Kotlin REPL Interpreter or a Kotlin Compiler.
  • It can be used as a Scripting Language and run Koglin Scripts.
  • …
• Example(s):
  • Kotlin 1.0 (~2016-02)
  • Kotlin 1.1 (~2017-03)
  • Kotlin 1.2 (~2017-11)
  • Kotlin 1.3 (~2018-10)
  • Kotlin 1.4 (~2020-08)
  • Kotlin 1.5 (~2021-05)
  • ...
  • Kotlin 1.8 [1] (~2022-12).
  • ...
• Counter-Example(s):
  • Scala Language.
  • Java Language.
  • …
• See: Kotlin Multiplatform.

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References

2023

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  • Kotlin Programming Language is a statically typed programming language that runs on the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and can also be compiled to JavaScript source code. Kotlin is also known as a general-purpose, cross-platform language.
  • It can:
    • Interoperate with Java code seamlessly
    • Provide built-in null safety features
    • Support coroutines for asynchronous programming
    • Allow adding functions to existing classes using extension functions.
    • Provide type inference to make code more concise and readable
  • Associated concepts: Java Virtual Machine, IntelliJ IDEA, Android applications

2023

• (Wikipedia, 2023) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kotlin_(programming_language) Retrieved:2023-3-13.
  • Kotlin is a cross-platform, statically typed, general-purpose high-level programming language with type inference. Kotlin is designed to interoperate fully with Java, and the JVM version of Kotlin's standard library depends on the Java Class Library, but type inference allows its syntax to be more concise. Kotlin mainly targets the JVM, but also compiles to JavaScript (e.g., for frontend web applications using React ) or native code via LLVM (e.g., for native iOS apps sharing business logic with Android apps). Language development costs are borne by JetBrains, while the Kotlin Foundation protects the Kotlin trademark. On 7 May 2019, Google announced that the Kotlin programming language is now its preferred language for Android app developers. Since the release of Android Studio 3.0 in October 2017, Kotlin has been included as an alternative to the standard Java compiler. The Android Kotlin compiler produces Java 8 bytecode by default (which runs in any later JVM), but lets the programmer choose to target Java 9 up to 18, for optimization, or allows for more features; has bidirectional record class interoperability support for JVM, introduced in Java 16, considered stable as of Kotlin 1.5. Kotlin has support for the web; by compiling to JavaScript (i.e., Kotlin/JS with the classic back-end, is declared stable since version 1.3), while the newer Kotlin/JS (IR-based) is in beta as of version 1.5.30. Kotlin/Native (for e.g. Apple silicon support) is considered beta since version 1.3.

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