Judgement

A Judgement is a statement that satisfies a judgment task.

• Context:
  • It can range from being a Correct Judgement to being an Incorrect Judgement.
  • It can range from being an Informal Judgement to being a Formal Judgment.
  • It can be used to support a Decision.
  • …
• Example(s):
  • a Human Judgement, such as “The line with the arrowheads pointing in >--< is longer than the one where they point out <-->” (to a Müller-Lyer illusion task).
  • a Visual Judgement Task (e.g. of a visual illusion).
  • a Value Judgement, such as a beauty judgement.
  • a Economic Judgement.
  • a Legal Judgement.
  • …
• Counter-Example(s):
  • a Decision, such as a choice.
  • a Prediction Task.
• See: Opinion, Attitude, Impression, Make a Decision, Discernment, Judgment (Law).

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References

2022

• (Wikipedia, 2022) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judgement Retrieved:2022-1-3.
  • Judgement (or US spelling judgment) is also known as adjudication which means the evaluation of evidence to make a decision. Judgement is also the ability to make considered decisions.

    The term has at least five distinct uses. Aristotle suggested we think of the opposite of different uses of a term, if one exists, to help determine if the uses are really different. Some opposites will be included here to help demonstrate their uses are really distinct:

    • Informal – opinions expressed as facts.
    • Informal and psychological – used in reference to the quality of cognitive faculties and adjudicational capabilities of particular individuals, typically called wisdom or discernment. The opposites are foolishness or indiscretion.
    • Formal - the mental act of affirming or denying one thing of another through comparison. Judgements are communicated to others using agreed-upon terms in the form of words or algebraic symbols as meanings to form propositions relating the terms, and whose further asserted meanings "of relation" are interpreted by those trying to understand the judgement.
    • Legal – used in the context of legal trial, to refer to a final finding, statement, or ruling, based on a considered weighing of evidence, called, "adjudication". Opposites could be suspension or deferment of adjudication. See spelling note for further explanation.
    • Religious – used in the concept of salvation to refer to the adjudication of God in determining Heaven or Hell for each and all human beings. God's assessment of a person's worth: a determination of "good" conveys great value while "evil" conveys worthlessness. Yet, it is also written, "God is no respecter of persons."
  • Additionally, judgement can mean:
    • Personality judgment, a psychological phenomenon of a person forming opinions of other people.

2018

• (Agrawal, Gans & Goldfarb, 2018) ⇒ Ajay Agrawal, Joshua Gans, and Avi Goldfarb. (2018). “Prediction Machines: The Simple Economics of Artificial Intelligence.” Harvard Business Press.
  • QUOTE: ... Having better prediction raises the value of judgment. After all, it doesn’t help to know the likelihood of rain if you don’t know how much you like staying dry or how much you hate carrying an umbrella.

     Prediction machines don’t provide judgment. Only humans do, because only humans can express the relative rewards from taking different actions. As AI takes over prediction, humans will do less of the combined prediction-judgment routine of decision making and focus more on the judgment role alone. ...

2011

• (Kahneman, 2011) ⇒ Daniel Kahneman. (2011). “Thinking, Fast and Slow." Macmillan. ISBN:0374533555
  • QUOTE: ... The impact of overconfidence on corporate strategies, the difficulties of predicting what will make us happy in the future, the profound effect of cognitive biases on everything from playing the stock market to planning our next vacation — each of these can be understood only by knowing how the two systems shape our judgments and decisions. …

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