Illiberal Democracy

An Illiberal Democracy is a democratic state that has significant faults in some democratic metrics (such as a EIU democracy metric).

• Example(s):
  • Hungary under Prime Minister Viktor Orbán
  • Poland under the Law and Justice Party (PiS)
  • Turkey under President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan
  • The U.S.A (~2019)?
  • …
• Counter-Example(s):
  • a Full Democracy.
  • an Illiberal Autocracy, with an Authoritarian Regime.
• See: Constitution, Guided Democracy, Civil Liberties, Open Society, EIU Democracy Index.

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References

2020

Listing by country is available on The Economist website.

Democracy Index 2019

Rank	Country	Score	Electoral process and pluralism	FunctioTemplate:Shyning of governTemplate:Shyment	Political particiTemplate:Shypation	Political culture	Civil liberties	Regime type	Region	Changes from last year
23	KOR	8.00	9.17	7.86	7.22	7.50	8.24	Flawed democracy	Asia & Australasia	Score: Template:Steady Rank: Template:Decrease 2
24	JPN	7.99	8.75	8.21	6.67	7.50	8.82	Flawed democracy	Asia & Australasia
25	USA	7.96	9.17	7.14	7.78	7.50	8.24	Flawed democracy	North America	Score: Template:Steady Rank: Template:Steady
26	MLT	7.95	9.17	7.50	6.11	8.13	8.82	Flawed democracy	Western Europe	Score: Template:Decrease 0.26 Rank: Template:Decrease 8
27	EST	7.90	9.58	7.86	6.67	6.88	8.53	Flawed democracy	Eastern Europe	Score: Template:Decrease 0.07 Rank: Template:Decrease 4

2020

• (Wikipedia, 2020) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Illiberal_democracy Retrieved:2020-8-8.
  • An illiberal democracy, also called a partial democracy, flawed democracy, low intensity democracy, empty democracy or guided democracy, is a governing system in which although elections take place, citizens are cut off from knowledge about the activities of those who exercise real power because of the lack of civil liberties; thus it is not an “open society". There are many countries "that are categorized as neither 'free' nor 'not free', but as 'probably free', falling somewhere between democratic and nondemocratic regimes". This may be because a constitution limiting government powers exists, but those in power ignore its liberties, or because an adequate legal constitutional framework of liberties does not exist.

2020

• (Wikipedia, 2020) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Democracy_Index#Classification_definitions Retrieved:2020-8-8.
  • Flawed democracies are nations where elections are fair and free and basic civil liberties are honoured but may have issues (e.g. media freedom infringement and minor suppression of political opposition and critics). These nations have significant faults in other democratic aspects, including underdeveloped political culture, low levels of participation in politics, and issues in the functioning of governance.

2016

• (Piketty, 2016b) ⇒ Thomas Piketty. (2016b) . “We must rethink globalization, or Trumpism will prevail.” In: The Guardian.
  • QUOTE: Trump’s victory is primarily due to the explosion in economic and geographic inequality in the United States over several decades and the inability of successive governments to deal with this. Both the Clinton and the Obama administrations frequently went along with the market liberalization launched under Reagan and both Bush presidencies. At times they even outdid them …

    … globalization must be fundamentally re-oriented. The main challenges of our times are the rise in inequality and global warming. We must therefore implement international treaties enabling us to respond to these challenges and to promote a model for fair and sustainable development.

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