Disease Transmission Event
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A Disease Transmission Event is a event of microbes from a diseased organism became infected with a transmissible disease by another diseased organism.
- AKA: Infection.
- Context:
- …
- Example(s):
- a Viral Transmission Event, such as a COVID-19 Transmission Event (of SARS-CoV-2).
- a Malaria Transmission Event (of Malaria).
- …
- Counter-Example(s):
- …
- See: Autochthonous Transmission, Medicine, Public Health, Biology, Infectious Disease, Host (Biology), Microorganism, Airborne Disease, Soil, Fomite, Fecal-Oral Route.
References
2020
- (Wikipedia, 2020) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/transmission_(medicine) Retrieved:2020-3-22.
- In medicine, public health, and biology, transmission is the passing of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host individual or group to a particular individual or group, regardless of whether the other individual was previously infected. [1]
The term strictly refers to the transmission of microorganisms directly from one individual to another by one or more of the following means:
- airborne – coughing, sneezing, breathing.**airborne infection – really small dry and wet particles that stay in the air for long periods of time allowing airborne contamination even after the departure of the host. Particle size < 5 μm.
- droplet infection – small and usually wet particles that stay in the air for a short period of time. Contamination usually occurs in the presence of the host. Particle size > 5 μm.
- direct physical contact – touching an infected individual, including sexual contact
- indirect physical contact – usually by touching a contaminated surface, including soil (fomite)
- fecal-oral transmission – usually from unwashed hands, contaminated food or water sources due to lack of sanitation and hygiene, an important transmission route in pediatrics, veterinary medicine and developing countries.
- airborne – coughing, sneezing, breathing.**airborne infection – really small dry and wet particles that stay in the air for long periods of time allowing airborne contamination even after the departure of the host. Particle size < 5 μm.
- Transmission can also be indirect, via another organism, either a vector (e.g. a mosquito or fly) or an intermediate host (e.g. tapeworm in pigs can be transmitted to humans who ingest improperly cooked pork). Indirect transmission could involve zoonoses or, more typically, larger pathogens like macroparasites with more complex life cycles. Transmissions can be autochthonous (i.e. between two individuals in the same place) or may involve travel of the microorganism or the affected hosts.
- In medicine, public health, and biology, transmission is the passing of a pathogen causing communicable disease from an infected host individual or group to a particular individual or group, regardless of whether the other individual was previously infected. [1]
- ↑ Bush, A.O. et al. (2001) Parasitism: the diversity and ecology of animal parasites. Cambridge University Press. Pp 391-399.
2020
- (Wikipedia, 2020) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infection Retrieved:2020-3-22.
- Infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce. [1] Infectious disease, also known as transmissible disease or communicable disease, is illness resulting from an infection. Infections are caused by infectious agents (pathogens) including:
- Viruses and related agents such as viroids and prions * Bacteria * Fungi, further subclassified into:
- Ascomycota, including yeasts such as Candida, filamentous fungi such as Aspergillus, Pneumocystis species, and dermatophytes, a group of organisms causing infection of skin and other superficial structures in humans.
- Basidiomycota, including the human-pathogenic genus Cryptococcus.
- Parasites, which are usually divided into: ** Unicellular organisms (e.g. malaria, Toxoplasma, Babesia) ** Macroparasites (worms or helminths) including nematodes such as parasitic roundworms and pinworms, tapeworms (cestodes), and flukes (trematodes, such as schistosomiasis) * Arthropods such as ticks, mites, fleas, and lice, can also cause human disease, which conceptually are similar to infections, but invasion of a human or animal body by these macroparasites is usually termed infestation. (Diseases caused by helminths, which are also macroparasites, are sometimes termed infestations as well, but are sometimes called infections.) Hosts can fight infections using their immune system. Mammalian hosts react to infections with an innate response, often involving inflammation, followed by an adaptive response. Specific medications used to treat infections include antibiotics, antivirals, antifungals, antiprotozoals, and antihelminthics. Infectious diseases resulted in 9.2 million deaths in 2013 (about 17% of all deaths). The branch of medicine that focuses on infections is referred to as infectious disease.
- ↑ Definition of "infection" from several medical dictionaries – Retrieved on 2012-04-03