2005 TwentyFiveYearsofFiniteStateMor

(Karttunen & Beesley, 2005) ⇒ Lauri Karttunen, and Kenneth R. Beesley. (2005). “Twenty-Five Years of Finite-State Morphology.” In: Proceedings of Inquiries into Words, Constraints and Contexts. A Festschrift for Kimmo Koskenniemi on his 60th Birthday (2005).

Subject Headings: Two-Level Morphology; Two-Level Morphological Analysis Task; Two-Level Morphological Analysis System; Two-Level Morphological Analysis Algorithm.

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Introduction

Twenty-five years ago in the early 1980s, morphological analysis of natural language was a challenge to computational linguists. Simple cut-and-paste programs could be and were written to analyze strings in particular languages, but there was no general language-independent method available. Furthermore, cut-and-paste programs for analysis were not reversible, they could not be used to generate words. Generative phonologists of that time described morphological alternations by means of ordered rewrite rules, but it was not understood how such rules could be used for analysis.

This was the situation in the spring of 1981 when Kimmo Koskenniemi came to a conference on parsing that Lauri Karttunen had organized at the University of Texas at Austin. Also at the same conference were two Xerox researchers from Palo Alto, Ronald M. Kaplan and Martin Kay. The four Ks discovered that all of them were interested and had been working on the problem of morphological analysis. Koskenniemi went on to Palo Alto to visit Kay and Kaplan at Xerox PARC.

This was the beginning of Two-Level Morphology, the first general model in the history of computational linguistics for the analysis and generation of morphologically complex languages. The language-specific components, the lexicon and the rules, were combined with a runtime engine applicable to all languages.

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	Author	volume	Date Value	title	type	journal	titleUrl	doi	note	year
2005 TwentyFiveYearsofFiniteStateMor	Kenneth R. Beesley Lauri Karttunen			Twenty-Five Years of Finite-State Morphology