2004 OntologicalEngineering
- (Gómez-Pérez et al., 2004) ⇒ Asunción Gómez-Pérez, Mariano Fernández-López, and Oscar Corcho. (2004). “Ontological Engineering.” Springer. ISBN:1852335513
Subject Headings: Ontology Design Task.
Notes
Quotes
Book Overview
Ontologies provide a common vocabulary of an area and define, with different levels of formality, the meaning of the terms and the relationships between them. Ontological Engineering refers to the set of activities that concern the ontology development process, the ontology life cycle, the methods and methodologies for building ontologies, and the tool suites and languages that support them. During the last decade, increasing attention has been focused on ontologies. Ontologies are now widely used in Knowledge Engineering, Artificial Intelligence and Computer Science, in applications related to areas such as Knowledge Management, Natural Language Processing, e-Commerce, Intelligent Information Integration, Bio-Informatics, Education, and in new emerging fields like the Semantic Web. The book presents the major issues of Ontological Engineering and describes the most outstanding ontologies that are currently available. It covers the practical aspects of selecting and applying methodologies, languages, and tools for building ontologies. Ontological Engineering will be of great value to students and researchers, and to developers who want to integrate ontologies in their information systems
1. Theoretical Foundations of Ontologies
1.1. From Ontology Towards Ontological Engineering
1.2. What is an Ontology?
1.3. Which are the Main Components of an Ontology?
1.3.1. Modeling heavyweight ontologies using frames and first order logic
1.3.2. Modeling heavyweight ontologies using description logics
1.3.3. Modeling ontologies with software engineering techniques
1.3.4. Modeling ontologies with database technology
1.3.5. Conclusions
1.4. Types of Ontologies
1.4.1. Categorization of ontologies
1.4.1.1. Types of ontologies based on the richness of their internal structure
1.4.1.2. Types of ontologies based on the subject of the conceptualization
1.4.2. Ontologies and ontology library systems
1.5. Ontological Commitments
1.6. Principles for the Design of Ontologies
1.7. Bibliographical Notes and Further Reading
2. The Most Outstanding Ontologies
2.1. Knowledge Representation Ontologies
2.1.1. The Frame Ontology and the OKBC Ontology
2.1.2. RDF and RDF Schema knowledge representation ontologies
2.1.3. OIL knowledge representation ontology
2.1.4. DAML+OIL knowledge representation ontology
2.1.5. OWL knowledge representation ontology
2.2. Top-level Ontologies
2.2.1. Top-level ontologies of universals and particulars
2.2.2. Sowa’s top-level ontology
2.2.3. Cyc’s upper ontology
2.2.4. The Standard Upper Ontology (SUO)
2.3. Linguistic Ontologies
2.3.1. WordNet
2.3.2. EuroWordNet
2.3.3. The Generalized Upper Model
2.3.4. The Mikrokosmos ontology
2.3.5. SENSUS
2.4. Domain Ontologies
2.4.1. E-commerce ontologies
2.4.2. Medical ontologies
2.4.3. Engineering ontologies
2.4.4. Enterprise ontologies
2.4.5. Chemistry ontologies
2.4.6. Knowledge management ontologies
2.5. Bibliographical Notes and Further Reading
3. Methodologies and Methods for Building Ontologies
3.1. Ontology Development Process
3.2. Ontology Methodology Evolution
3.3. Ontology Development Methods and Methodologies
3.3.1. The Cyc method
3.3.2. Uschold and King’s method
3.3.3. Grüninger and Fox’s methodology
3.3.4. The KACTUS approach
3.3.5. METHONTOLOGY
3.3.5.1. Ontology crossed life cycles
3.3.5.2. Conceptual modeling in METHONTOLOGY
3.3.6. SENSUS-based method
3.3.7. On-To-Knowledge
3.3.8. Comparing ontology development methods and methodologies
3.3.8.1. Comparison framework
3.3.8.2. Conclusions
3.4. Method for Re-engineering Ontologies
3.5. Ontology Learning Methods
3.5.1. Maedche and colleagues’ method
3.5.2. Aussenac-Gilles and colleagues’ method
3.6. Ontology Merging Methods and Methodologies
3.6.1. ONIONS
3.6.2. FCA-Merge
3.6.3. PROMPT
3.7. Co4: a Protocol for Cooperative Construction of Ontologies
3.8. Methods for Evaluating Ontologies
3.8.1. Ontology evaluation terminology
3.8.2. Taxonomy evaluation
3.8.3. OntoClean
3.9. Conclusions
3.10. Bibliographical Notes and Further Reading
4. Languages for Building Ontologies
4.1. Ontology Language Evolution
4.2. The Selection of an Ontology Language
4.2.1. Knowledge representation
4.2.2. Reasoning mechanisms
4.3. Traditional Ontology Languages
4.3.1. Ontolingua and KIF
4.3.2. LOOM
4.3.3. OKBC
4.3.4. OCML
4.3.5. FLogic
4.4. Ontology Markup Languages
4.4.1. SHOE
4.4.2. XOL
4.4.3. RDF(S): RDF and RDF Schema
4.4.4. OIL
4.4.5. DAML+OIL
4.4.6. OWL
4.5. Conclusion
4.5.1. Knowledge representation
4.5.2. Using ontology languages in ontology-based applications
4.6. Bibliographical Notes and Further Reading
5. Ontology Tools
5.1. Ontology Tools Evolution
5.2. Ontology Development Tools and Tool Suites
5.2.1. Language-dependent ontology development tools
5.2.1.1. The Ontolingua Server
5.2.1.2. OntoSaurus
5.2.1.3. WebOnto
5.2.1.4. OilEd
5.2.2. Extensible language-independent ontology development tools and tool suites
5.2.2.1. Protégé-2000
5.2.2.2. WebODE
5.2.2.3. OntoEdit
5.2.2.4. KAON
5.2.3. Some other ontology tools
5.3. Ontology Merge Tools
5.3.1. The PROMPT plug-in
5.3.2. Some other ontology merge tools
5.4. Ontology-based Annotation Tools
5.4.1. COHSE
5.4.2. MnM
5.4.3. OntoMat-Annotizer and OntoAnnotate
5.4.4. SHOE Knowledge Annotator
5.4.5. UBOT AeroDAML
5.5. Conclusions
5.6. Bibliographical Notes and Further Reading,