Disease
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A Disease is a health problem that impairs biological function (through reducing one or more biological functional abilities below typical efficiency without external injury).
- AKA: Pathological Condition, Medical Condition.
- Context:
- It can (typically) reduce Biological Function through functional impairment.
- It can (typically) produce Disease Symptoms through pathological process.
- It can (typically) affect Patient Health through biological dysfunction.
- ...
- It can (often) require Medical Intervention through healthcare treatment.
- It can (often) impact Quality of Life through health limitation.
- It can (often) need Disease Management through medical care.
- ...
- It can range from being a Mild Disease to being a Limiting Disease, depending on its severity level.
- It can range from being a Curable Disease to being an Incurable Disease, depending on its treatment potential.
- It can range from being a Communicable Disease to being a Non-Communicable Disease, depending on its transmission characteristic.
- It can range from being an Acute Disease to being a Chronic Disease, depending on its duration pattern.
- It can range from being a Human Disease to being an Animal Disease, depending on its host species.
- ...
- It can be treated with Disease Intervention Task through medical protocol.
- It can require Disease Diagnosis through clinical assessment.
- It can involve Disease Progression through pathological stage.
- ...
- Examples:
- Infectious Diseases, such as:
- Bacterial Diseases, such as:
- Tuberculosis affecting respiratory system.
- Streptococcal Infection affecting multiple organs.
- Viral Diseases, such as:
- COVID-19 affecting respiratory tract.
- Influenza affecting respiratory system.
- Bacterial Diseases, such as:
- Non-Infectious Diseases, such as:
- Autoimmune Diseases, such as:
- Rheumatoid Arthritis affecting joints.
- Type 1 Diabetes affecting pancreas.
- Degenerative Diseases, such as:
- Osteoporosis affecting bone density.
- Alzheimer Disease affecting brain function.
- Autoimmune Diseases, such as:
- ...
- Infectious Diseases, such as:
- Counter-Examples:
- Bodily Injury, which results from external trauma rather than internal dysfunction.
- Mental Problem, which primarily affects psychological function rather than biological function.
- Physical Disability, which involves structural limitation rather than disease process.
- See: Health Problem, Medical Condition, Pathological Process, Disease Management, Clinical Medicine, Diseased Organism.
References
2021
- (Wikipedia, 2021) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/disease Retrieved:2021-11-22.
- A disease is a particular abnormal condition that negatively affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism, and that is not due to any immediate external injury. Diseases are often known to be medical conditions that are associated with specific signs and symptoms. A disease may be caused by external factors such as pathogens or by internal dysfunctions. For example, internal dysfunctions of the immune system can produce a variety of different diseases, including various forms of immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity, allergies and autoimmune disorders. In humans, disease is often used more broadly to refer to any condition that causes pain, dysfunction, distress, social problems, or death to the person afflicted, or similar problems for those in contact with the person. In this broader sense, it sometimes includes injuries, disabilities, disorders, syndromes, infections, isolated symptoms, deviant behaviors, and atypical variations of structure and function, while in other contexts and for other purposes these may be considered distinguishable categories. Diseases can affect people not only physically, but also mentally, as contracting and living with a disease can alter the affected person's perspective on life. Death due to disease is called death by natural causes. There are four main types of disease: infectious diseases, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases (including both genetic diseases and non-genetic hereditary diseases), and physiological diseases. Diseases can also be classified in other ways, such as communicable versus non-communicable diseases. The deadliest diseases in humans are coronary artery disease (blood flow obstruction), followed by cerebrovascular disease and lower respiratory infections. In developed countries, the diseases that cause the most sickness overall are neuropsychiatric conditions, such as depression and anxiety.
The study of disease is called pathology, which includes the study of etiology, or cause.
- A disease is a particular abnormal condition that negatively affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism, and that is not due to any immediate external injury. Diseases are often known to be medical conditions that are associated with specific signs and symptoms. A disease may be caused by external factors such as pathogens or by internal dysfunctions. For example, internal dysfunctions of the immune system can produce a variety of different diseases, including various forms of immunodeficiency, hypersensitivity, allergies and autoimmune disorders. In humans, disease is often used more broadly to refer to any condition that causes pain, dysfunction, distress, social problems, or death to the person afflicted, or similar problems for those in contact with the person. In this broader sense, it sometimes includes injuries, disabilities, disorders, syndromes, infections, isolated symptoms, deviant behaviors, and atypical variations of structure and function, while in other contexts and for other purposes these may be considered distinguishable categories. Diseases can affect people not only physically, but also mentally, as contracting and living with a disease can alter the affected person's perspective on life. Death due to disease is called death by natural causes. There are four main types of disease: infectious diseases, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases (including both genetic diseases and non-genetic hereditary diseases), and physiological diseases. Diseases can also be classified in other ways, such as communicable versus non-communicable diseases. The deadliest diseases in humans are coronary artery disease (blood flow obstruction), followed by cerebrovascular disease and lower respiratory infections. In developed countries, the diseases that cause the most sickness overall are neuropsychiatric conditions, such as depression and anxiety.
2020
- https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/computer-science/pathological-condition
- QUOTE: ... A disease (later, pathological condition) is a type of internal state which impairs health, i.e., reduces one or more functional abilities below typical efficiency. [1977, 562]
2020
- (Pallpedia, 2020) ⇒ https://pallipedia.org/medical-condition/
- QUOTE: A medical condition is a broad term that includes all diseases, lesions, and disorders.
While the term medical condition generally includes mental illnesses, in some contexts the term is used specifically to denote any illness, injury, or disease except for mental illnesses. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) uses the term “general medical condition” to refer to all diseases, illnesses, and injuries except for mental disorders.
As it is more value-neutral than terms like disease, people sometimes prefer the term "medical condition."
The term medical condition is also a synonym for medical state, which describes an individual patient's current state from a medical standpoint.
- QUOTE: A medical condition is a broad term that includes all diseases, lesions, and disorders.