Complex System

A Complex System is a non-linear dynamic system whose behavior is difficult to predict even once its individual components are well-understood.

• Context:
  • It can range from being a Chaotic Complex System to being a Patterned Complex System.
  • It can be a Fragile Complex System to being an Anti-Fragile Complex System.
  • It can (often) manifest Cascading Failures.
  • It can be an Emergent System.
  • …
• Example(s):
  • a Universe, where given enough time pools of hydrogen resulted in people.
  • an Earth Climate.
  • a Human Cell.
  • a Human Brain.
  • …
• Counter-Example(s):
  • a Linear System.
• See: Damped, Harmonic Oscillator, Classical Mechanics, Chaos Theory, Complex Adaptive System, Feedback Loop.

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References

2016

• (Wikipedia, 2016) ⇒ http://wikipedia.org/wiki/complex_system Retrieved:2016-4-18.
  • A complex system is a system that exhibits some (and possibly all) of the following characteristics: * feedback loops; * some degree of spontaneous order; * robustness of the order; * emergent organization;
    • numerosity;
    • hierarchical organization.
  • A complex system can be also viewed as a system composed of many components which may interact with each other. In many cases it is useful to represent such a system as a network where the nodes represent the components and the links their interactions.

    Examples of complex systems are Earth's global climate, the human brain, social organization, an ecosystem, a living cell, and ultimately the entire universe.

2014

• (Wikipedia, 2014) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/complex_system Retrieved:2014-1-6.
  • A complex system is a damped, driven system (for example, a harmonic oscillator) whose total energy exceeds the threshold for it to perform according to classical mechanics but does not reach the threshold for the system to exhibit properties according to chaos theory.

1900~

• George Bernard Shaw.
  • QUOTE: for every complex problem there is simple solution that is wrong.

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