Blood Sugar Concentration Measure
A Blood Sugar Concentration Measure is a liquid composition measure based on blood glucose in the blood.
- AKA: Glycaemia, Blood Sugar Level, Blood Glucose Level.
- Context:
- It can be determined by a Blood Glucose Concentration Measurement Device.
- It can be a Molecular Biomarker (for ailments such as diabetes).
- …
- Example(s):
- based on molar concentration, measured in mmol/L (millimoles per litre, or millimolar, abbreviated mM).
- based on mass concentration, measured in mg/dL (milligrams per decilitre).
- …
- Counter-Example(s):
- See: Glucose, Blood, Simple Sugar, Blood Sugar Regulation, Liver, Glycogen, Fasting, Diabetes.
References
2022
- (Wikipedia, 2022) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_sugar_level Retrieved:2022-8-7.
- Glycaemia, also known as blood sugar level, blood sugar concentration, or blood glucose level is the measure of glucose concentrated in the blood of humans or other animals. Approximately 4 grams of glucose, a simple sugar, is present in the blood of a 70 kg (154 lb) human at all times.[1] The body tightly regulates blood glucose levels as a part of metabolic homeostasis.[1] Glucose is stored in skeletal muscle and liver cells in the form of glycogen;[1] in fasting individuals, blood glucose is maintained at a constant level at the expense of glycogen stores in the liver and skeletal muscle.[1]
In humans, a blood glucose level of 4 grams, or about a teaspoon, is critical for normal function in a number of tissues, and the human brain consumes approximately 60% of blood glucose in fasting, sedentary individuals.[1] A persistent elevation in blood glucose leads to glucose toxicity, which contributes to cell dysfunction and the pathology grouped together as complications of diabetes.[1] Glucose can be transported from the intestines or liver to other tissues in the body via the bloodstream.[1] Cellular glucose uptake is primarily regulated by insulin, a hormone produced in the pancreas.[1]
Glucose levels are usually lowest in the morning, before the first meal of the day, and rise after meals for an hour or two by a few millimoles.
Blood sugar levels outside the normal range may be an indicator of a medical condition. A persistently high level is referred to as hyperglycemia; low levels are referred to as hypoglycemia. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by persistent hyperglycemia from any of several causes, and it is the most prominent disease related to the failure of blood sugar regulation. There are different methods of testing and measuring blood sugar levels.
The intake of alcohol causes an initial surge in blood sugar and later tends to cause levels to fall. Also, certain drugs can increase or decrease glucose levels. [2]
- Glycaemia, also known as blood sugar level, blood sugar concentration, or blood glucose level is the measure of glucose concentrated in the blood of humans or other animals. Approximately 4 grams of glucose, a simple sugar, is present in the blood of a 70 kg (154 lb) human at all times.[1] The body tightly regulates blood glucose levels as a part of metabolic homeostasis.[1] Glucose is stored in skeletal muscle and liver cells in the form of glycogen;[1] in fasting individuals, blood glucose is maintained at a constant level at the expense of glycogen stores in the liver and skeletal muscle.[1]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 Wasserman DH (January 2009). "Four grams of glucose". American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism. 296 (1): E11–21. doi:10.1152/ajpendo.90563.2008. PMC 2636990. PMID 18840763.
- ↑ Walker, Rosemary and Rodgers, Jill (2006) Type 2 Diabetes – Your Questions Answered. Dorling Kindersley. .
2021
- (Wikipedia, 2021) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blood_sugar_level#Units Retrieved:2021-10-26.
- The international standard way of measuring blood glucose levels is in terms of a molar concentration, measured in mmol/L (millimoles per litre, or millimolar, abbreviated mM). In the United States, Germany, and other countries mass concentration is measured in mg/dL (milligrams per decilitre). [1]
Since the molecular weight of glucose C6H12O6 is 180, the difference between the two units is a factor of 18, so 1 mmol/L of glucose is equivalent to 18 mg/dL.
- The international standard way of measuring blood glucose levels is in terms of a molar concentration, measured in mmol/L (millimoles per litre, or millimolar, abbreviated mM). In the United States, Germany, and other countries mass concentration is measured in mg/dL (milligrams per decilitre). [1]