Visual Cortex

Context:
- …
Example(s):
- a Human Visual Cortex.
- a Mouse Visual Cortex.
- a Shark Visual Cortex.
- …
Counter-Example(s):
- a Auditory Cortex.
- a Gustatory Cortex.
See: Visual Field, Brain, Cerebral Cortex, Occipital Lobe, Brodmann Area, Brodmann Area 18, Brodmann Area 19, Extrastriate Cortex, Thalamus, Cerebral Hemisphere.

References

(Wikipedia, 2015) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/visual_cortex Retrieved:2015-11-22.
- The visual cortex of the brain is the part of the cerebral cortex responsible for processing visual information. This article addresses the ventral/dorsal model of the visual cortex. Another model for the perceptual/conceptual neuropsychological model of the visual cortex was studied by Raftopolous.^[1] In Russian neuropsychology, yet another model was discussed by Alexander Luria for the anterior/posterior approach to understanding the visual cortex.^[2] The visual cortex is located in the occipital lobe (one of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex) which is in turn located at the back of the head or skull. The visual cortex is made up of Brodmann area 17 (the primary visual cortex), and Brodmann areas 18 and 19, the extrastriate cortical areas. The primary (parts of the cortex that receive sensory inputs from the thalamus) visual cortex is also known as V1, Visual area one, and the striate cortex. The extrastriate areas consist of visual areas two (V2), three (V3), four (V4), and five (V5).
  Both hemispheres of a brain contain a visual cortex; the left hemisphere visual cortex receives signals from the right visual field, and the right visual cortex from the left visual field.

↑ Anastasios Raftopolous, Cognition and Perception, Oxford University Press, 2009.
↑ Alexander Luria (1961). Higher Cortical Functions in Man, Basic Books.

(Nishimoto et al., 2011) ⇒ Shinji Nishimoto, An T. Vu, Thomas Naselaris, Yuval Benjamini, Bin Yu, and Jack L. Gallant. (2011). “Reconstructing Visual Experiences from Brain Activity Evoked by Natural Movies.” Current Biology, 21(19) doi:10.1016/j.cub.2011.08.031
- SUMMARY: ... We recorded BOLD signals in occipitotemporal visual cortex of human subjects who watched natural movies and fit the model separately to individual voxels.

(Vinje & Gallant, 2000) ⇒ William E. Vinje, and Jack L. Gallant. (2000). “Sparse Coding and Decorrelation in Primary Visual Cortex During Natural Vision.” Science, 287(5456) doi:10.1126/science.287.5456.1273
- ABSTRACT: Theoretical studies suggest that primary visual cortex (area V1) uses a sparse code to efficiently represent natural scenes. This issue was investigated by recording from V1 neurons in awake behaving macaques during both free viewing of natural scenes and conditions simulating natural vision. Stimulation of the nonclassical receptive field increases the selectivity and sparseness of individual V1 neurons, increases the sparseness of the population response distribution, and strongly decorrelates the responses of neuron pairs. ...