Economic Surplus

AKA: Surplus.
Example(s):
- Labor Surplus.
- Norway's surplus that is invested into the Norway (Oil) Sovereign Wealth Fund.
- …
Counter-Example(s):
- Economic Shortage.
See: Break-Even (Economics), Mainstream Economics, Alfred Marshall, Consumer, Price, Willingness to Pay, Market Value, Willingness to Accept, Profit (Accounting).

References

(Wikipedia, 2023) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/economic_surplus Retrieved:2023-1-16.
- In mainstream economics, economic surplus, also known as total welfare or total social welfare or Marshallian surplus (after Alfred Marshall), is either of two related quantities:
  - Consumer surplus, or consumers' surplus, is the monetary gain obtained by consumers because they are able to purchase a product for a price that is less than the highest price that they would be willing to pay.
  - Producer surplus, or producers' surplus, is the amount that producers benefit by selling at a market price that is higher than the least that they would be willing to sell for; this is roughly equal to profit (since producers are not normally willing to sell at a loss and are normally indifferent to selling at a break-even price).

(Wikipedia, 2020) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government_Pension_Fund_of_Norway#Government_Pension_Fund_Global Retrieved:2020-5-18.
- … The purpose of the fund is to invest parts of the large surplus generated by the Norwegian petroleum sector, mainly from taxes of companies but also payment for licenses to explore for oil as well as the State's Direct Financial Interest and dividends from the partly state-owned Equinor. ...