Markup Language
A Markup Language is a string transformation language that is used for typesetting, editing and annotating text documents (to created marked-up text documents..
- Context:
- It usually does not include if-thens or control flow statements.
- It can range from being a Presentational Markup Language, to being Procedural Markup Language to being a Descriptive Markup Language.
- It can range from being a Lightweight Markup Language, to being an Extensible Markup Language, to being a Generalized Markup Language.
- Example(s):
- a Descriptive Markup Language such as:
- HTML,
- LaTeX,
- reStructuredText,
- Scribe Markup Language,
- CSS,
- an Extensible Markup Language such as:
- a Generalized Markup Language such as:
- a Lightweight Markup Language such as:
- a Procedural Markup Language such as:
- PostScript.
- Troff,
- TeX,
- a Wiki Markup Language such as:
- Counter-Example(s):
- a Dynamic Programming Laguage such as:
- a General-Purpose Programming Language such as:
- a Object-Oriented Programming Language such as:
- a Scripting Language such as:
- Linux Shell Script,
- Javascript.
- See: JATS, HTML Element, HTML Tag, Annotation, Document, Logical Syntax, Manuscript, Blue Pencil Editing System, Digital Media.
References
2020a
- (Wikipedia, 2020) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markup_language Retrieved:2020-1-26.
- In computer text processing, a markup language is a system for annotating a document in a way that is syntactically distinguishable from the text. The idea and terminology evolved from the "marking up" of paper manuscripts (i.e., the revision instructions by editors), which is traditionally written with a red or blue pencil on authors' manuscripts. In digital media, this "blue pencil instruction text" was replaced by tags, which indicate what the parts of the document are, rather than details of how they might be shown on some display. This lets authors avoid formatting every instance of the same kind of thing redundantly (and possibly inconsistently). It also avoids the specification of fonts and dimensions which may not apply to many users (such as those with different-size displays, impaired vision and screen-reading software).
Early markup systems typically included typesetting instructions, as troff, TeX and LaTeX do, while Scribe and most modern markup systems name components, and later process those names to apply formatting or other processing, as in the case of XML.
Some markup languages, such as the widely used HTML, have pre-defined presentation semantics—meaning that their specification prescribes generally how to present the structured data on particular media. Others, such as XML and its predecessor SGML, allow but do not impose such prescriptions — all of the while allowing users to define any custom document components as they wish.
HyperText Markup Language (HTML), one of the document formats of the World Wide Web, is an application of SGML and XML. Other applications, such as DocBook, Open eBook, JATS and others, are heavily used in the communication of work between authors, editors, and printers.
- In computer text processing, a markup language is a system for annotating a document in a way that is syntactically distinguishable from the text. The idea and terminology evolved from the "marking up" of paper manuscripts (i.e., the revision instructions by editors), which is traditionally written with a red or blue pencil on authors' manuscripts. In digital media, this "blue pencil instruction text" was replaced by tags, which indicate what the parts of the document are, rather than details of how they might be shown on some display. This lets authors avoid formatting every instance of the same kind of thing redundantly (and possibly inconsistently). It also avoids the specification of fonts and dimensions which may not apply to many users (such as those with different-size displays, impaired vision and screen-reading software).
2020b
- (GeekSforGeeks, 2020) ⇒ https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/difference-between-programming-scripting-and-markup-languages/ Retrieved:2020-1-26.
- QUOTE: Markup Languages: Markup languages are completely different from programming languages and scripting languages. Markup languages prepare a structure for the data or prepare the look or design of a page. These are presentational languages and it doesn’t include any kind of logic or algorithm, for example, HTML. HTML is not asking any kind of question to the computer or it’s not comparing things and it’s not asking any logical question. It’s just used to represent a view inside a web browser. It tells the browser how to structure data for a specific page, layout, headings, title, table and all or styling a page in a particular way. So basically it involves formatting data or it controls the presentation of data. Examples of Markup languages are HTML, CSS or XML. These languages are most widely used to design a website.
2011
- (The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2011) ⇒ https://www.britannica.com/technology/markup-language Date Published: July 21, 2011.
- QUOTE: Markup language, Standard text-encoding system consisting of a set of symbols inserted in a text document to control its structure, formatting, or the relationship among its parts. The most widely used markup languages are SGML, HTML, and XML. The markup symbols can be interpreted by a device (computer, printer, browser, etc.) to control how a document should look when printed or displayed on a monitor. A marked-up document thus contains two types of text: text to be displayed and markup language on how to display it.