Linguistic Semantic Analysis Task

A Linguistic Semantic Analysis Task is a semantic analysis task that is a linguistic analysis task (of the concepts and relations mentioned within a linguistic artifact and how these combine to form complex meanings).

• Context:
  • Input: One or more Linguistic Artifacts, such as a Corpus or a Sentence.
  • output: A set of Concepts and Semantic Relations between them.
    • Optionally, references to Concept Mentions and Semantic Relation Mentions.
    • Optionally, a Semantic Theory for a Natural Language.
  • If the Input is a Text then it can be:
    • a Word-level Semantic Analysis Task, addressed by a Word-level Analysis Algorithm.
    • a Phrase-level Semantic Analysis Task, addressed by a Phrase-level Analysis Algorithm.
    • a Sentence-level Semantic Analysis Task, addressed by a Sentence-level Analysis Algorithm.
    • a Discourse-level Semantic Analysis Task, addressed by a Discourse-level Analysis Algorithm.
    • a Shallow Semantic Analysis Task, addressed by a Shallow Semantic Analysis Algorithm.
    • a Semantic Parsing Task, addressed by a Semantic Parsing Algorithm.
  • It can require the Mapping of Concepts to an Ontology (See: Normalization Task).
  • ...
• Example(s):
  • a Semantic Similarity Task,
  • a Semantic Relatedness Task,
  • any Shallow Semantic Analysis Task, such as an NER task.
  • …
• Counter-Example(s):
  • an Image Semantic Analysis Task, e.g. a face recognition task.
  • a Linguistic Pragmatics Analysis.
• See: Linguistic Semantic Analysis Benchmark Task, Semantic Parsing, Semantic Class, Information Extraction, Latent Semantic Analysis, Shallow Semantic Analysis, Meaning (Linguistics), Idiom, Figure of Speech.

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References

2014

• (Wikipedia, 2014) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_analysis_(computational) Retrieved:2014-11-3.
  • Semantic Analysis (computational) is a composite of the “Semantic Analysis” and the "Computational" components.

    "Semantic Analysis" refers to a formal analysis of meaning, and "computational" refer to approaches that in principle support effective implementation.

• (Wikipedia, 2014) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_analysis_(linguistics) Retrieved:2014-11-3.
  • In linguistics, semantic analysis is the process of relating syntactic structures, from the levels of phrases, clauses, sentences and paragraphs to the level of the writing as a whole, to their language-independent meanings. It also involves removing features specific to particular linguistic and cultural contexts, to the extent that such a project is possible. The elements of idiom and figurative speech, being cultural, are often also converted into relatively invariant meanings in semantic analysis.

    With the availability of enough material to analyze, semantic analysis can be used to catalog and trace the style of writing of specific authors.

2009

• http://www.bambooweb.com/articles/s/e/Semantic_analysis.html
  • In linguistics, semantic analysis is the process of unpacking clause, sentence and paragraph structure, and even the structure of the work as a whole, to remove features specific to the language in which it is written and also the culture in which it was intended to be read. Figures of speech, being cultural, must also be eliminated.
• http://www.cs.mu.oz.au/~jingy/download/conversion_report.pdf
  • Semantic analysis is the process of transforming the surface structure ofnatural language inputs into the inputs'deep structure in an unambiguous formal or semi-formal representation.

2005

• (Copestake et al., 2005) ⇒ Ann Copestake, Dan Flickinger, Carl Pollard, and Ivan A. Sag. (2005). “Minimal Recursion Semantics: an Introduction.” In: Research on Language and Computation 3(4).

2003

• 2003_TheKernelTextUnderstandingSystem.
  • “The lexical semantic structure of a verb is represented in the style of Jackendovian Lexical Conceptual Structures" … "The result of the semantic analysis is a set of partially instantiated semantic predicates similar to a frame representation, a representational device typical of much work in lexical semantics."

2000

• (Jurafsky & Martin, 2000) ⇒ Daniel Jurafsky, James H. Martin. (2000). “Speech and Language Processing.” Prentice Hall.

1993

• (Riloff, 1993) ⇒ Ellen Riloff. (1993). “Learning of Lexico-Semantic Patterns.

1981

• (Palmer, 1981) ⇒ Martha Palmer. (1981). “A case for rule-driven semantic analysis.” In: Proceedings of the 19th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. 1981
  • semantic analysis, is the process of extracting the information from a set of narrative descriptions for modeling the real world.

1974

• (Montague, 1974) ⇒ Richard Montague. (1974). “Formal Philosophy.” In: Selected Papers of Richard Montague, edited by Richmond H. Thomason. Yale University Press

1970

• (Montague, 1970) ⇒ Richard Montague. (1970). “Universal Grammar.” In: Theoria 36: 373±98.

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2016

• (Wikipedia, 2016) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_analysis_(linguistics) Retrieved:2016-8-26.
  • In linguistics, semantic analysis is the process of relating syntactic structures, from the levels of phrases, clauses, sentences and paragraphs to the level of the writing as a whole, to their language-independent meanings. It also involves removing features specific to particular linguistic and cultural contexts, to the extent that such a project is possible. The elements of idiom and figurative speech, being cultural, are often also converted into relatively invariant meanings in semantic analysis. Semantics, although related to pragmatics, is distinct in that the former deals with word or sentence choice in any given context, while pragmatics considers the unique or particular meaning derived from context or tone. To reiterate in different terms, semantics is about universally coded meaning, and pragmatics the meaning encoded in words that is then interpreted by an audience. Semantic analysis can begin with the relationship between individual words. This requires an understanding of lexical hierarchy, including hyponymy and hypernymy, meronomy, polysemy, synonyms, antonyms, and homonyms. It also relates to concepts like connotation (semiotics) and collocation, which is the particular combination of words that can be or frequently are surrounding a single word. This can include idioms, metaphor, and simile, like, "white as a ghost." With the availability of enough material to analyze, semantic analysis can be used to catalog and trace the style of writing of specific authors.