Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) Standard
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A Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) Standard is a Clinical Vocabulary/Terminology Standard that is consist of a medical code set for identifying health conditions, observations and documents.
- Context:
- It is available at: https://loinc.org
- It (typically) includes a Regenstrief LOINC Mapping Assistant (RELMA).
- …
- Example(s):
- Counter-Example(s):
- Clinical Data Interchange Standards Consortium (CDISC) Standard,
- Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) Standard,
- Health Level Seven (HL7) Standard,
- OpenEHR,
- Systematized Nomenclature of Medicine (SNOMED) International Standard,
- United States Core Data for Interoperability (USCDI) Standard.
- See: Clinical Trial, Clinical Research, Standard-Developing Organization (SDO), American National Standards Institute (ANSI), International Organization for Standardization (ISO), Clinical Trial Data, United States Food And Drug Administration (FDA), World Health Organization.
References
2022a
- (LOINC, 2022) ⇒ https://loinc.org/about/ Retrieved:2022-02-27.
- QUOTE: LOINC is a common language (a set of identifiers, names, and codes) for identifying health measurements, observations, and documents.
LOINC is a rich catalog of measurements, including laboratory tests, clinical measures like vital signs and anthropometric measures, standardized survey instruments, and more. LOINC also contains codes for collections of these items, such as panels, forms, and documents.
LOINC enables the exchange and aggregation of clinical results for care delivery, outcomes management, and research by providing a set of universal codes and structured names to unambiguously identify things you can measure or observe.
Put another way, LOINC provides the lingua franca for interoperable data exchange.
Today, it contains concepts for everything from a serum alpha 1 antitrypsin level to a zygomatic arch x-ray report. For each concept, LOINC contains many other rich details, such as synonyms, units of measure, and carefully crafted descriptions.
- QUOTE: LOINC is a common language (a set of identifiers, names, and codes) for identifying health measurements, observations, and documents.
2022b
- (HIMSS, 2022b) ⇒ https://www.himss.org/resources/interoperability-healthcare#Part2 Retrieved:2022-02-27.
- QUOTE: Vocabulary/terminology standards address the ability to represent concepts in an unambiguous manner between a sender and receiver of information, a fundamental requirement for effective communication. Health information systems that communicate with each other rely on structured vocabularies, terminologies, code sets and classification systems to represent health concepts. Some common vocabulary standards currently used in the marketplace include:
- Current Procedural Terminology (CPT): A code set, maintained by the American Medical Association (AMA), used to bill outpatient and office procedures.
- Healthcare Common Procedure Coding System: A set of healthcare procedure codes based on CPT that is used for Medicare reimbursement.
- ICD-10 and ICD-11: The International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) is a medical classification list by the World Health Organization (WHO). It contains codes for diseases, signs and symptoms, abnormal findings, complaints, social circumstances, and external causes of injury or diseases. The 11th revision will replace the ICD-10 in January 2022.
- Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC): A universal code system for identifying health measurements, observations and documents. These codes represent the “question” for a test or measurement. LOINC codes can be grouped into laboratory and clinical tests, measurements and observations.
- National Drug Code (NDC): Maintained by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, NDC provides a list of all drugs manufactured, prepared, propagated, compounded or processed for commercial distribution.
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- QUOTE: Vocabulary/terminology standards address the ability to represent concepts in an unambiguous manner between a sender and receiver of information, a fundamental requirement for effective communication. Health information systems that communicate with each other rely on structured vocabularies, terminologies, code sets and classification systems to represent health concepts. Some common vocabulary standards currently used in the marketplace include:
2022c
- (Wikipedia, 2022) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/LOINC Retrieved:2022-2-27.
- Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) is a database and universal standard for identifying medical laboratory observations. First developed in 1994, it was created and is maintained by the Regenstrief Institute, a US nonprofit medical research organization. LOINC was created in response to the demand for an electronic database for clinical care and management and is publicly available at no cost.
It is endorsed by the American Clinical Laboratory Association. Since its inception, the database has expanded to include not just medical laboratory code names but also nursing diagnosis, nursing interventions, outcomes classification, and patient care data sets.
- Logical Observation Identifiers Names and Codes (LOINC) is a database and universal standard for identifying medical laboratory observations. First developed in 1994, it was created and is maintained by the Regenstrief Institute, a US nonprofit medical research organization. LOINC was created in response to the demand for an electronic database for clinical care and management and is publicly available at no cost.
2003
- (McDonald et al., 2003) ⇒ Clement J. McDonald, Stanley M. Huff, Jeffrey G. Suico, Gilbert Hill, Dennis Leavelle, Raymond Aller, Arden Forrey, Kathy Mercer, Georges DeMoor, John Hook, Warren Williams, James Case, Pat Maloney, for the Laboratory LOINC Developers (2003). "LOINC, a Universal Standard for Identifying Laboratory Observations: A 5-Year Update". In: Clinical Chemistry, 49(4): 624–633. DOI:10.1373/49.4.624.
- QUOTE: The Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes (LOINC) database provides a universal code system for reporting laboratory and other clinical observations. Its purpose is to identify observations in electronic messages such as Health Level Seven (HL7) observation messages, so that when hospitals, health maintenance organizations, pharmaceutical manufacturers, researchers, and public health departments receive such messages from multiple sources, they can automatically file the results in the right slots of their medical records, research, and/or public health systems. For each observation, the database includes a code (of which 25,000 are laboratory test observations), a long formal name, a “short” 30-character name, and synonyms. The database comes with a mapping program called Regenstrief LOINC Mapping Assistant (RELMATM) to assist the mapping of local test codes to LOINC codes and to facilitate browsing of the LOINC results. Both LOINC and RELMA are available at no cost from http://www.regenstrief.org/loinc/. The LOINC medical database carries records for >30,000 different observations. LOINC codes are being used by large reference laboratories and federal agencies, e.g., the CDC and the Department of Veterans Affairs (...)
1998
- (Huff et al., 1998) ⇒ Stanley M. Huff, Roberto A. Rocha, Clement J. McDonald, Georges J. E. De Moor, Tom Fiers, W. Dean Bidgood Jr., Arden W. Forrey, William G. Francis, Wayne R. Tracy, Dennis Leavelle, Frank Stalling, Brian Griffin, Pat Maloney, Diane Leland, Linda Charles, Kathy Hutchins, and John Baenziger (1998). "Development of the Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes (LOINC) Vocabulary". In: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, 5(3), 276-292. DOI:10.1136/jamia.1998.0050276.
- QUOTE: The LOINC (Logical Observation Identifier Names and Codes) vocabulary is a set of more than 10,000 names and codes developed for use as observation identifiers in standardized messages exchanged between clinical computer systems. The goal of the study was to create universal names and codes for clinical observations that could be used by all clinical information systems.