Iowa Gambling Test
An Iowa Gambling Test is a decision making test that involves gambling tasks (risk-taking decisioning task).
- See: Marshmallow Test.
References
2014
- ↑ Bechara, Antoine; Damasio, Antonio R.; Damasio, Hanna; Anderson, Steven W. (1994). "Insensitivity to future consequences following damage to human prefrontal cortex". Cognition 50 (1–3): 7–15. doi:10.1016/0010-0277(94)90018-3. PMID 8039375.
- ↑ Bechara, Antoine; Damasio, Hanna; Damasio, Antonio R.; Lee, Gregory P. (1999). "Different Contributions of the Human Amygdala and Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex to Decision-Making". The Journal of Neuroscience 19 (13): 5473–81. PMID 10377356. http://www.jneurosci.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=10377356.
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impulsivity#Iowa_Gambling_Test
- The Iowa gambling task (IGT) is a test originally meant to measure decision making specifically within individuals who have ventromedial prefrontal cortex damage. The concept of impulsivity as relates to the IGT is one in which impulsive decisions are a function of an individual's lack of ability to make rational decisions over time due to an over amplification of emotional/somatic reward.[1] In the IGT individuals are provided four decks of cards to choose from. Two of these decks provide much higher rewards but the deductions are also much higher while the second two decks have lower rewards per card but also much lower deductions. Over time anyone who chooses predominantly from the high rewards decks will lose money while those who choose from the smaller rewards decks will gain money.
The IGT uses hot and cold processes in its concept of decision making. Hot decision making involves emotional responses to the material presented based on motivation related to reward and punishment. Cold processes occur when an individual uses rational cognitive determinations when making decisions. Combined an individual should gain a positive emotional reaction when choices have beneficial consequences and will have negative emotional responses tied to choices that have greater negative consequences. In general, healthy responders to the IGT will begin to drift to the lower gain decks as they realize that they are gaining more money than they lose both through an ability to recognize that one is more consistently providing rewards as well as through the emotions related to winning consistently. However, those who have emotional deficits will fail to recognize that they are losing money over time and will continue to be more influenced by the exhilaration of higher value rewards without being influenced by the negative emotions of the loses associated with them.[citation needed]
For more information concerning these process refer to the Somatic marker hypothesis
- The Iowa gambling task (IGT) is a test originally meant to measure decision making specifically within individuals who have ventromedial prefrontal cortex damage. The concept of impulsivity as relates to the IGT is one in which impulsive decisions are a function of an individual's lack of ability to make rational decisions over time due to an over amplification of emotional/somatic reward.[1] In the IGT individuals are provided four decks of cards to choose from. Two of these decks provide much higher rewards but the deductions are also much higher while the second two decks have lower rewards per card but also much lower deductions. Over time anyone who chooses predominantly from the high rewards decks will lose money while those who choose from the smaller rewards decks will gain money.
- ↑ Buelow, Melissa T.; Suhr, Julie A. (2009). "Construct Validity of the Iowa Gambling Task". Neuropsychology Review 19 (1): 102–14. doi:10.1007/s11065-009-9083-4. PMID 19194801.