Ethics Advice

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A Ethics Advice is an advice that pertains to ethical implications associated with specific situations.

  • Context:
  • Example(s):
    • Relationship Ethics Question: A man is hiding a trust fund from his working spouse. Should he disclose this secret?
      • Relationship Ethics Advice: They should reveal this information to his spouse, as trust is the foundation of a relationship and withholding significant information breaches that trust. Though disclosing may be challenging, open communication enables understanding and forgiveness.
    • Friendship Ethics Question: Friends have two Taylor Swift concert tickets to distribute among four fans. How should they distribute the tickets fairly?
      • Friendship Ethics Advice: Hold a lottery may be the fairest means to distribute the extra tickets, as it does not privilege one fan's fandom over another. Scalping the tickets could damage the friendship.
    • Social Ethics Question: A person is questioning the ethics of visiting a Confederate historical site. Is it ethical to pay the admission fee?
      • Social Ethics Advice: Do not pay the fee, as it would fund an organization glorifying oppression. But foregoing the visit also forfeits a chance to confront injustice. Donating the fee could be a principled compromise.
    • Marital Ethics Question: A woman is distressed by her husband's refusal to discuss retirement despite his demanding job. What should she do?
      • Marital Ethics Advice: Respectfully explain how his job affects her, asking how he feels about retirement, and considering marital counseling to reconcile their needs. Forcing the issue may undermine the relationship.
    • Parental Ethics Question: A person is questioning having biological children given climate change. Is it ethical to have kids?
      • Parental Ethics Advice: Despair may be countered by raising children dedicated to fighting for change. Not having children is a valid choice; bringing thoughtful ones into the world may also further the cause.
    • Legal Professional Ethics Question: As a legal professional facilitating contract negotiations, you learn one party has information that could disadvantage the other side if revealed. Should you encourage them to disclose it?
      • Legal Professional Ethics Advice: While nondisclosure could benefit your client, advocating for transparency demonstrates integrity. Ethically guiding both parties toward an open contract aligns with professional principles.
    • Legal Professional Ethics Question: As a facilitator, you realize your client's contract terms are extremely unfavorable to the uninformed other party. Should you nudge your client to renegotiate the agreement?
      • Legal Professional Ethics Advice: Guiding them away from selfishly exploiting the imbalance upholds ethical legal counsel while serving all parties' long-term interests.
    • Legal Professional Ethics Question: As a legal professional overseeing a settlement, you realize your side's offer contains a factual error. Should you insist the mistake be corrected even if it costs your client?
      • Legal Professional Ethics Advice: Disclosing the error upholds accuracy and principles. Withholding substantive facts violates professional standards. Ethically privileging truth bolsters societal trust in legal processes.
    • Medical Professional Ethics Question: As a doctor, you learn about a medication error that happened under your supervision. Disclosing the mistake may cost you your job. Should you admit to the error?
      • Medical Professional Ethics Advice: Disclosing the error supports patient well-being and public trust, despite personal sacrifice. Withholding vital health information violates professional ethics and medical oaths.
    • …
  • Counter-Example(s):
  • See: Ethics Committee, Ethics Advisor, Healthcare Ethics, Corporate Ethics.

References

2023

  • Web Chatbot
    • "Ethics advice" encompasses guidelines, counsel, and education on various ethical dilemmas and moral questions that occur in diverse contexts and scales. It involves addressing personal individual issues such as surrogacy, pet ownership responsibilities, and past romantic obligations, as well as wider societal concerns like participation in foreign elections and endorsement of countries with questionable human rights histories. These ethical quandaries span topics such as abortion, animal ethics, euthanasia, capital punishment, and the ethics of war. Organizations emphasize continuous ethical training to foster employees' moral development and promote a service-oriented culture. In more formal settings like the World Health Organization, an Office of Compliance, Risk Management, and Ethics provides advice on ethical issues, promotes transparency, and enforces a zero-tolerance policy towards infractions. In professional domains like counseling, adhering to established ethical standards is imperative, and associations provide resources to assist members with ethical practice queries but also advise consultation with licensed attorneys for risk management issues.

2023

  • (Terwiesch & Meincke, 2023) ⇒ Christian Terwiesch, and Lennart Meincke. (2023). “Can AI Provide Ethical Advice?.” In: Mack Institute for Innovation Management, The Wharton School, University of Pennsylvania Journal.
    • NOTES:
      • The research includes an experiment comparing ethical advice from Dr. Kwame Anthony Appiah to advice generated by GPT-4.
      • It uses 20 ethical dilemmas from the New York Times column "The Ethicist" and compares Dr. Appiah's published advice to GPT-4 generated advice.
      • It evaluates the perceived usefulness of the advice using 3 groups: Prolific subjects, Wharton MBA students, and ethics experts.
      • It finds human and AI advice were rated as equally useful on average across all groups in an absolute rating.
      • It shows layperson Prolific subjects slightly favored the AI advice overall when forced to choose.
      • It finds the average usefulness rating was around 5 out of 7, suggesting usefulness in both human and AI advice.
      • It suggests AI systems can provide useful ethical advice comparable to a human expert.
      • It notes limitations around controversy, empathy, and generalization of the AI advice.
      • It proposes AI advice could address unmet needs by augmenting human decision-making with convenient ethics perspectives.
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