Monetary System

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A Monetary System is an economic system that establishes, provides, and controls money supply, monetary value, and monetary exchange within an economy through monetary institutions, monetary policy tools, and monetary regulation mechanisms.

AKA: Currency System, Money System, Monetary Regime, Monetary Framework.
Context:
- It can typically establish Monetary Unit through monetary denomination structure and monetary value standard.
- It can typically control Monetary Supply via monetary issuance mechanisms and monetary circulation control.
- It can typically regulate Monetary Value through monetary policy actions and monetary stability measures.
- It can typically facilitate Monetary Exchange via monetary payment systems and monetary settlement infrastructure.
- It can typically govern Monetary Relationships between monetary authorityies, monetary financial institutions, and monetary users.
- It can typically manage Monetary Crisis through monetary intervention tools and monetary emergency procedures.
- It can typically create Monetary Trust via monetary legitimacy mechanisms and monetary security features.
- It can typically support Monetary Sovereignty through monetary independence mechanisms and monetary policy autonomy.
- It can typically coordinate Monetary Transactions across monetary geographic regions and monetary economic sectors.
- It can typically define Monetary Rules via monetary legal frameworks and monetary operational standards.
- ...
- It can often experience Monetary Evolution through monetary technological advancements and monetary institutional changes.
- It can often create Monetary Inequality via monetary access barriers and monetary wealth concentration mechanisms.
- It can often undergo Monetary Reform through monetary structural redesign and monetary policy adjustment.
- It can often generate Monetary Externalities including monetary environmental impacts and monetary social effects.
- It can often develop Monetary Innovation via monetary digital transformation and monetary instrument creation.
- It can often face Monetary Constraints from monetary resource limitations and monetary political pressure.
- It can often produce Monetary Cycles through monetary expansion phases and monetary contraction phases.
- It can often foster Monetary Integration via monetary union formation and monetary policy coordination.
- ...
- It can range from being a Simple Monetary System to being a Complex Monetary System, depending on its monetary structural sophistication.
- It can range from being a Commodity-Based Monetary System to being a Fiat Monetary System, depending on its monetary backing type.
- It can range from being a Centralized Monetary System to being a Decentralized Monetary System, depending on its monetary authority distribution.
- It can range from being a National Monetary System to being a Supranational Monetary System, depending on its monetary geographic scope.
- It can range from being a Fixed Exchange Rate Monetary System to being a Floating Exchange Rate Monetary System, depending on its monetary exchange rate regime.
- It can range from being a Physical Monetary System to being a Digital Monetary System, depending on its monetary manifestation form.
- It can range from being a Regulated Monetary System to being an Unregulated Monetary System, depending on its monetary oversight intensity.
- It can range from being a Public Monetary System to being a Private Monetary System, depending on its monetary issuance control.
- It can range from being a Closed Monetary System to being an Open Monetary System, depending on its monetary capital flow restriction.
- It can range from being a Stable Monetary System to being a Volatile Monetary System, depending on its monetary value fluctuation.
- ...
- It can provide Monetary Medium of Exchange for monetary transactions between monetary economic agents.
- It can enable Monetary Store of Value for monetary wealth preservation across monetary time periods.
- It can establish Monetary Unit of Account for monetary value measurement and monetary price comparison.
- It can perform Monetary Settlement via monetary clearing mechanisms and monetary payment channels.
- It can have Monetary Infrastructure including monetary issuance facilities and monetary distribution networks.
- It can interact with Financial Systems through monetary financial feedback loops.
- It can affect Political Systems via monetary political economy dynamics.
- It can impact Social Systems through monetary wealth distribution effects.
- It can shape Technological Systems via monetary innovation incentives.
- ...
- It can be Monetarily Stable during monetary equilibrium periods.
- It can be Monetarily Sovereign within monetary independence contexts.
- It can be Monetarily Efficient through monetary transaction cost minimization.
- It can be Monetarily Integrated in monetary union frameworks.
- It can be Monetarily Resilient through monetary crisis adaptation capability.
- ...
Examples:
- Monetary System Types by monetary backing structure, such as:
  - Commodity-Based Monetary Systems, such as:
    - Gold Standard Monetary System (1816-1933), with monetary gold backing and monetary fixed gold convertibility.
    - Bimetallic Monetary System (1700s-1800s), with monetary gold and silver backing and monetary dual metal standard.
    - Silver Standard Monetary System (pre-20th century), with monetary silver backing and monetary silver convertibility.
  - Fiat Monetary Systems, such as:
    - U.S. Dollar Currency System (1971-present), supporting the U.S. dollar currency through monetary Federal Reserve management and monetary government backing.
    - Euro Currency System (1999-present), supporting the Euro currency through monetary European Central Bank governance and monetary multinational coordination.
    - Japanese Yen Monetary System (post-WWII), with monetary Bank of Japan oversight and monetary government guarantee.
  - Digital Monetary Systems, such as:
    - Bitcoin Currency System (2009-present), supporting the bitcoin currency through monetary blockchain protocol and monetary decentralized consensus.
    - Ethereum Monetary System (2015-present), with monetary smart contract functionality and monetary programmable currency features.
    - Stablecoin Monetary Systems, with monetary asset-backed design and monetary price stability mechanisms.
- Monetary System Types by monetary exchange rate arrangement, such as:
- Monetary System Types by monetary geographic scope, such as:
  - Global Monetary Systems, such as:
    - U.S. Dollar Reserve Currency System with monetary international trade denomination and monetary global reserve status.
    - Special Drawing Rights System (SDR) with monetary international reserve asset function and monetary IMF administration.
    - International Gold Standard System (1870s-1914) with monetary global convertibility and monetary international settlement mechanism.
  - Regional Monetary Systems, such as:
  - National Monetary Systems, such as:
- Monetary System Types by monetary stability characteristic, such as:
  - Stable Currency Systems, such as:
  - Volatile Currency Systems, such as:
  - Failed Currency Systems, such as:
    - Zimbabwe Dollar System (1980-2009) with monetary hyperinflation destruction and monetary eventual abandonment.
    - Yugoslavian Dinar System (1990s) with monetary war economy collapse and monetary extreme denomination printing.
    - Weimar Republic Mark System (1919-1923) with monetary war reparation burden and monetary complete value erosion.
- Monetary System Types by monetary historical era, such as:
  - Pre-Modern Monetary Systems, such as:
  - Modern Industrial Monetary Systems, such as:
    - Classical Gold Standard System (1870s-1914) with monetary international gold convertibility and monetary trade adjustment mechanism.
    - Bretton Woods Monetary System (1944-1971) with monetary dollar-gold convertibility and monetary fixed exchange rate.
    - Post-Bretton Woods Monetary System (1971-present) with monetary floating exchange rates and monetary fiat currency dominance.
  - Emerging Monetary Systems, such as:
- Monetary System Types by monetary technological implementation, such as:
  - Physical Cash Monetary Systems with monetary banknote circulation and monetary coin usage.
  - Electronic Monetary Systems with monetary digital accounts and monetary electronic transfer.
  - Digital Currency Monetary Systems, such as:
    - Central Bank Digital Currency Systems, such as:
    - Cryptocurrency Systems, such as:
- Alternative Monetary Systems, such as:
  - Local Currency Monetary Systems, such as:
  - Complementary Currency Monetary Systems, such as:
- Historical Currency Systems, such as:
  - Spanish Dollar System (16th-19th centuries) with monetary global trade currency status and monetary piece of eight recognition.
  - British Sterling System (pre-decimalization) with monetary pounds, shillings and pence structure and monetary complex conversion ratios.
  - Maria Theresa Thaler System (18th-20th centuries) with monetary trade coin function and monetary post-empire persistence.
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Counter-Examples:
- A Barter System, which facilitates direct goods exchange and service exchange without a monetary medium or standard unit of account.
- A Financial System, which encompasses broader financial intermediation, financial investment, and financial risk management beyond just monetary provision and monetary control.
- A Debt System, which manages credit obligations and repayment structures rather than establishing monetary medium and monetary value.
- A Payment System, which is a component that enables payment transactions within a broader monetary system rather than the entire monetary framework.
- A Tax System, which collects government revenue rather than establishing and controlling monetary supply.
- A Trade System, which regulates commercial exchange rather than monetary circulation.
See: Economic System, Financial System, Currency, Money Supply, Price Inflation, Monetary Policy, Central Bank, Exchange Rate, Monetary Base, Monetary Aggregates, Monetary Theory, Monetary History, Money Creation, Monetary Sovereignty, International Monetary System, Gold Standard, Fiat Money, Digital Currency, Cryptocurrency, Monetary Union, Monetary Reform, Monetary Stability, Monetary Crisis.

References

2013

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monetary_system
- A monetary system is a set of policy tools and institutions through which a government provides money and controls the money supply in an economy.^[1]

↑ [1]

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