Country
A Country is a geographical region that is a legal entity.
- Context:
- It can (typically) be a Sovereign State.
- It can range from being a Poor Country, a Middle-Income Country to being a Rich Country.
- …
- Example(s):
- Counter-Example(s):
- See: Political Geography, Sovereign State, Political Division, Nation.
References
2014
- (Wikipedia, 2014) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/country Retrieved:2014-1-21.
- A country is a region legally identified as a distinct entity in political geography. A country may be an independent sovereign state or one that is occupied by another state, as a non-sovereign or formerly sovereign political division, or a geographic region associated with sets of previously independent or differently associated peoples with distinct political characteristics. Regardless of the physical geography, in the modern internationally accepted legal definition as defined by the League of Nations in 1937 and reaffirmed by the United Nations in 1945, a resident of a country is subject to the independent exercise of legal jurisdiction.
Sometimes the word country is used to refer both to sovereign states and to other political entities, while other times it refers only to states. For example, the CIA World Factbook uses the word in its "Country name" field to refer to "a wide variety of dependencies, areas of special sovereignty, uninhabited islands, and other entities in addition to the traditional countries or independent states". [Note 1
- A country is a region legally identified as a distinct entity in political geography. A country may be an independent sovereign state or one that is occupied by another state, as a non-sovereign or formerly sovereign political division, or a geographic region associated with sets of previously independent or differently associated peoples with distinct political characteristics. Regardless of the physical geography, in the modern internationally accepted legal definition as defined by the League of Nations in 1937 and reaffirmed by the United Nations in 1945, a resident of a country is subject to the independent exercise of legal jurisdiction.
2019
- (Wikipedia, 2019) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states Retrieved:2019-11-28.
- The following is a list providing an overview of sovereign states around the world, with information on their status and recognition of their sovereignty.
The 206 listed states can be divided into three categories based on membership within the United Nations system: 193 member states, two observer states and 11 other states. The sovereignty dispute column indicates states whose sovereignty is undisputed (190 states) and states whose sovereignty is disputed (16 states, of which there are six member states, one observer state and nine other states).
Compiling a list such as this can be a difficult and controversial process, as there is no definition that is binding on all the members of the community of nations concerning the criteria for statehood. For more information on the criteria used to determine the contents of this list, please see the criteria for inclusion section below. The list is intended to include entities that have been recognised as having de facto status as sovereign states, and inclusion should not be seen as an endorsement of any specific claim to statehood in legal terms.
- The following is a list providing an overview of sovereign states around the world, with information on their status and recognition of their sovereignty.
List of states
| Common and formal names | Membership within the UN SystemTemplate:Efn | Sovereignty disputeTemplate:Efn | Further information on status and recognition of sovereigntyTemplate:Efn |
|---|---|---|---|
| ↓ UN member states and observer states ↓ | |||
| Abkhazia → Abkhazia | |||
| Template:Flag – Islamic Republic of Afghanistan | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Albania | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – People's Democratic Republic of Algeria | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Principality of Andorra | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentAndorra is a co-principality in which the office of head of state is jointly held ex officio by the French president and the bishop of the Roman Catholic diocese of Urgell,[1] who himself is appointed with approval from the Holy See. | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Angola | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentAntigua and Barbuda is a Commonwealth realmTemplate:Efn with 1 autonomous region, Barbuda.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Argentine RepublicTemplate:Efn | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentArgentina is a federation of 23 provinces and 1 autonomous city. | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Armenia | UN member state | Not recognised by Pakistan.
Template:ExtentArmenia is not recognised by Pakistan due to the dispute over Artsakh.[2][3][4] | |
| Artsakh → Artsakh | |||
| Template:Flag – Commonwealth of Australia | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentAustralia is a Commonwealth realmTemplate:Efn and a federation of six states and 10 territories. The external territories of Australia are: | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Austria | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the European Union.Template:Efn Austria is a federation of nine states. | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Azerbaijan | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentAzerbaijan contains one autonomous region, Nakhchivan Template:Efn The de facto state of Artsakh has been established in the southwest of Azerbaijan. | |
| Template:Flag – Commonwealth of The Bahamas[5] | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentThe Bahamas is a Commonwealth realm.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Kingdom of Bahrain | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – People's Republic of Bangladesh | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentBarbados is a Commonwealth realm.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Belarus | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Kingdom of Belgium | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn Belgium is a federation divided into linguistic communities and regions. | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentBelize is a Commonwealth realm.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Benin | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Kingdom of Bhutan | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Plurinational State of Bolivia | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentBosnia and Herzegovina is a federation of two constituent units: and Brčko District, a self-governing administrative unit.[6] | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Botswana | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Federative Republic of Brazil | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentBrazil is a federation of 26 states and 1 federal district. | |
| Template:Flag – Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Bulgaria | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None | |
| Burma → Myanmar | |||
| Template:Flag – Republic of Burundi | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Kingdom of Cambodia | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Cameroon | UN member state | None | |
| Template:FlagTemplate:Efn | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentCanada is a Commonwealth realmTemplate:Efn and a federation of 10 provinces and 3 territories. | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Cabo VerdeTemplate:Efn | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Chad | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Chile | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – People's Republic of ChinaTemplate:Efn | UN member state | Partially unrecognised. Template:Claimedby
Template:ExtentChina contains five autonomous regions, Guangxi, Inner Mongolia, Ningxia, Tibet, and Xinjiang.Template:Efn Additionally, it has sovereignty over the Special Administrative Regions of: China claims, but does not control Taiwan, which is governed by a rival administration (the Republic of China) that claims all of China as its territory.Template:Efn China is not recognised by [[Foreign relations of China#Countries that have no diplomatic relations with the PRC|Template:Numrec]] UN member states and the Holy See, which, with the exception of Bhutan, all recognise Taiwan instead.Template:Efn | |
| China, Republic of → Taiwan | |||
| Template:Flag – Republic of Colombia | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Union of the Comoros | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentComoros is a federation of 3 islands.Template:Efn | |
| Template:FlagTemplate:Efn | UN member state | None | |
| Template:FlagTemplate:Efn | UN member state | None | |
| Cook Islands → Cook Islands | |||
| Template:Flag – Republic of Costa Rica | UN member state | None | |
| Côte d'Ivoire → Ivory Coast | |||
| Template:Flag – Republic of Croatia | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Cuba | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Cyprus | UN member state | Not recognised by Turkey[7]
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn The northeastern part of the island is the de facto state of Northern Cyprus. Cyprus is not recognised by Turkey due to the Cyprus dispute, with Turkey recognising Northern Cyprus. | |
| Template:FlagTemplate:Efn | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn | |
| Democratic People's Republic of Korea → Korea, North | |||
| Democratic Republic of the Congo → Congo, Democratic Republic of the | |||
| Template:Flag – Kingdom of Denmark | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn The Kingdom of Denmark includes 2 self-governing territories: The continental territory of Denmark, the Faroe Islands, and Greenland form the three constituent countries of the Kingdom.Template:Efn The Kingdom of Denmark as a whole is a member of the EU, but EU law does not apply to the Faroe Islands and Greenland.[8][9] | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Djibouti | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Commonwealth of Dominica | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Democratic Republic of Timor-LesteTemplate:Efn | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Ecuador | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Arab Republic of Egypt | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of El Salvador | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Equatorial Guinea | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – State of Eritrea | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Estonia | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Kingdom of EswatiniTemplate:Efn | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentEthiopia is a federation of nine regions and two chartered cities. | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Fiji | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentFiji contains 1 autonomous region, Rotuma.Template:Efn[10][11] | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Finland | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn
| |
| Template:Flag – French Republic | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn France contains five overseas regions/departments: French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Mayotte, and Réunion. France also includes the overseas territories of: | |
| Template:Flag – Gabonese Republic | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of The Gambia[12] | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentGeorgia contains two autonomous republics, Adjara and Abkhazia.Template:Efn In Abkhazia and South Ossetia, de facto states have been formed. | |
| Template:Flag – Federal Republic of Germany | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn Germany is a federation of 16 states. | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Ghana | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Hellenic Republic | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn Greece contains one autonomous area, Mount Athos.[13] | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentGrenada is a Commonwealth realm.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Guatemala | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of GuineaTemplate:Efn | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Guinea-Bissau | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Co-operative Republic of Guyana | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Haiti | UN member state | None | |
| Holy See → Vatican City | |||
| Template:Flag – Republic of Honduras | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn | |
| Template:FlagTemplate:Efn | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of India | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentIndia is a federation of 28 states and 9 union territories. | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Indonesia | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentIndonesia has five autonomous provinces, Aceh, Jakarta, Papua, West Papua, and Yogyakarta.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Islamic Republic of Iran | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Iraq | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentIraq is a federationTemplate:Efn[14] of 19 governorates, five of which make up the autonomous Iraqi Kurdistan.Template:Efn | |
| Template:FlagTemplate:Efn | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – State of Israel | UN member state | Partially unrecognised
Template:ExtentIsrael exerts strong control over the territory claimed by Palestine. Israel annexed East Jerusalem,[15] an annexation not recognised by the international community.[16] Israel maintains varying levels of control over the rest of the West Bank, and although Israel no longer has a permanent civilian or military presence in the Gaza Strip, following its unilateral disengagement, it is still considered by some to be the occupying power under international law.[17][18][19][20][21] Israel is not recognised as a state by 32 UN members and the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. The Palestine Liberation Organization, which enjoys majority recognition as sole representative of the Palestinian people, also does not recognise Israel. | |
| Template:Flag – Italian Republic | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn Italy has 5 autonomous regions, Aosta Valley, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Sardinia, Sicily and Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Côte d'IvoireTemplate:Efn | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentJamaica is a Commonwealth realm.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Kazakhstan | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Kenya | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Kiribati | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Democratic People's Republic of Korea | UN member state | Template:Claimedby
Template:ExtentNorth Korea is not recognised by three UN members, France, Japan, and South Korea, the last of which claims to be the sole legitimate government of Korea.[22] | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Korea | UN member state | Template:Claimedby
Template:ExtentSouth Korea has 1 autonomous region, Jejudo.Template:Efn[23] South Korea is not recognised by North Korea, which claims to be the sole legitimate government of Korea. | |
| Kosovo → Kosovo | |||
| Template:Flag – State of Kuwait | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Kyrgyz Republic | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Lao People's Democratic Republic | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Latvia | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Lebanese Republic | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Kingdom of Lesotho | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Liberia | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – State of Libya | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Principality of Liechtenstein | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Lithuania | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Grand Duchy of Luxembourg | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn | |
| Macedonia → North Macedonia | |||
| Template:Flag – Republic of Madagascar | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Malawi | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMalaysia is a federation of 13 states and three federal territories. | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Maldives | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Mali | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Malta | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of the Marshall Islands | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentUnder Compact of Free Association with the United States. | |
| Template:Flag – Islamic Republic of Mauritania | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Mauritius | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMauritius has an autonomous island, Rodrigues.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – United Mexican States | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMexico is a federation of 31 states and one autonomous city. | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentUnder Compact of Free Association with the United States. The Federated States of Micronesia is a federation of four states. | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Moldova | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMoldova has the autonomous regions of Gagauzia and Transnistria, the latter of which has established a de facto state. | |
| Template:Flag – Principality of Monaco | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Kingdom of Morocco | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentPart of the Moroccan-claimed Western Sahara is controlled by the partially recognised Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic. | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Mozambique | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of the Union of MyanmarTemplate:Efn | UN member state | None | |
| Nagorno-Karabakh → Artsakh | |||
| Template:Flag – Republic of Namibia | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Nauru | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentNepal is a federation composed of 7 provinces. | |
| Template:Flagcountry – Kingdom of the Netherlands | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn The Kingdom of the Netherlands includes four areas with substantial autonomy: The continental part of the Netherlands, Aruba, Curaçao, and Sint Maarten form the four constituent countries of the Kingdom. Three other territories (Bonaire, Saba, and Sint Eustatius) are special municipalities of the continental Netherlands.Template:Efn The Kingdom of the Netherlands as a whole is a member of the EU, but EU law applies only to parts within Europe. | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentNew Zealand is a Commonwealth realm,Template:Efn and has the dependent territories of: New Zealand has responsibilities for (but no rights of control over) two freely associated states: The Cook Islands and Niue have diplomatic relations with Template:Numrel and Template:Numrel UN members respectively.[24][25][26] They have full treaty-making capacity in the UN,[27] and are members of some UN specialized agencies. | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Nicaragua | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentNicaragua contains two autonomous regions, Atlántico Sur and Atlántico Norte.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Niger | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Federal Republic of Nigeria | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentNigeria is a federation of 36 states and 1 federal territory. | |
| Niue → Niue | |||
| North Korea → Korea, North | |||
| Template:Flag – Republic of North MacedoniaTemplate:Efn | UN member state | None | |
| Northern Cyprus → Northern Cyprus | |||
| Template:Flag – Kingdom of Norway | UN member state | None
Norway has the dependent territories of: | |
| Template:Flag – Sultanate of Oman | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Islamic Republic of Pakistan | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentPakistan is a federation of four provinces and 1 capital territory. Pakistan exercises control over certain portions of Kashmir, but has not officially annexed any of it,[28][29] instead regarding it as a disputed territory.[30][31] The portions that it controls are divided into two territories, administered separately from Pakistan proper: Azad Kashmir describes itself as a "self-governing state under Pakistani control", while Gilgit-Baltistan is described in its governance order as a group of "areas" with self-government.[32][33][34] These territories are not usually regarded as sovereign, as they do not fulfil the criteria set out by the declarative theory of statehood (for example, their current laws do not allow them to engage independently in relations with other states). Several state functions of these territories (such as foreign affairs and defence) are performed by Pakistan.[33][35][36] | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Palau | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentUnder Compact of Free Association with the United States. | |
| Template:Flagcountry – State of Palestine | UN observer state; member of 2 UN specialized agencies | Partially unrecognised. Template:Claimedby
Template:ExtentThe State of Palestine, declared in 1988, is not recognised as a state by Israel and has received diplomatic recognition from Template:Numrec states.[37] The proclaimed state has no agreed territorial borders, or effective control over much of the territory that it proclaimed.[38] The Palestinian National Authority is an interim administrative body formed as a result of the Oslo Accords that exercises limited autonomous jurisdiction within the Palestinian territories. In foreign relations, Palestine is represented by the Palestine Liberation Organization. The State of Palestine is a member state of UNESCO,[39] UNIDO, and an observer state in the UN. | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Panama | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Independent State of Papua New Guinea | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentPapua New Guinea is a Commonwealth realmTemplate:Efn with 1 autonomous region, Bougainville.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Paraguay | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Peru | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of the Philippines | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentThe Philippines contains one autonomous region, Bangsamoro.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Poland | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Portuguese Republic | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn Portugal contains two autonomous regions, the Azores and Madeira.Template:Efn | |
| Pridnestrovie → Transnistria | |||
| Template:Flag – State of Qatar | UN member state | None | |
| Republic of Korea → Korea, South | |||
| Republic of the Congo → Congo, Republic of the | |||
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Russian Federation | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentRussia is a federation of 85 federal subjects (republics, oblasts, krais, autonomous okrugs, federal cities, and an autonomous oblast). Several of the federal subjects are ethnic republics.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Rwanda | UN member state | None | |
| Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic → Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic | |||
| Template:Flag – Federation of Saint Christopher and Nevis | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentSaint Kitts and Nevis is a Commonwealth realmTemplate:Efn and is a federationTemplate:Efn of two islands, St. Kitts and Nevis. | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentSaint Lucia is a Commonwealth realm.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentSaint Vincent and the Grenadines is a Commonwealth realm.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Independent State of Samoa | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of San Marino | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Democratic Republic of São Tomé and Príncipe | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentSão Tomé and Príncipe contains 1 autonomous province, Príncipe.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Senegal | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Serbia | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentSerbia contains two autonomous regions, Vojvodina and Kosovo and Metohija.Template:Efn The latter is under the de facto control of Kosovo. | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Seychelles | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Sierra Leone | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Singapore | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Slovak Republic | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Slovenia | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentThe Solomon Islands is a Commonwealth realm.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Federal Republic of Somalia | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentSomalia has two self-declared autonomous regions, Puntland and Galmudug, while the territory of Somaliland has formed an unrecognised de facto state. | |
| Somaliland → Somaliland | |||
| Template:Flag – Republic of South Africa | UN member state | None | |
| South Korea → Korea, South | |||
| South Ossetia → South Ossetia | |||
| Template:Flag – Republic of South Sudan | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentSouth Sudan is a federation of 32 states.
| |
| Template:Flag – Kingdom of Spain | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn Spain is divided into 17 autonomous communities and 2 special autonomous cities.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri LankaTemplate:Efn | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of the Sudan | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentSudan is a federation of 18 states.
| |
| Sudan, South → South Sudan | |||
| Template:Flag – Republic of Suriname | UN member state | None | |
| Swaziland → Eswatini | |||
| Template:Flag – Kingdom of Sweden | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Swiss Confederation | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentSwitzerland is a federation of 26 cantons. | |
| Template:Flag – Syrian Arab Republic | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentThe Syrian National Coalition, which is recognised as the legitimate representative of the Syrian people by 20 UN members, has established an interim government to rule rebel controlled territory during the Syrian civil war. Syria has one self-declared autonomous region: North and East Syria. | |
| Taiwan (Republic of China) → Taiwan | |||
| Template:Flag – Republic of Tajikistan | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentTajikistan contains 1 autonomous region, Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Province.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – United Republic of Tanzania | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentTanzania contains 1 autonomous region, Zanzibar.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Kingdom of Thailand | UN member state | None | |
| The Bahamas → Bahamas, The | |||
| The Gambia → Gambia, The | |||
| Timor-Leste → East Timor | |||
| Template:Flag – Togolese Republic | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Kingdom of Tonga | UN member state | None | |
| Transnistria → Transnistria | |||
| Template:Flag – Republic of Trinidad and Tobago | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentTrinidad and Tobago contains 1 autonomous region, Tobago.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Tunisia | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Turkey | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Turkmenistan | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentTuvalu is a Commonwealth realm.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Uganda | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentUkraine claims Crimea as an autonomous republic, however it has been annexed by Russia. | |
| Template:Flag | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentThe United Arab Emirates is a federation of seven emirates. | |
| Template:Flag – United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentMember of the EU.Template:Efn The United Kingdom is a Commonwealth realmTemplate:Efn consisting of three constituent countries: England, Scotland, and Wales, plus Northern Ireland. The United Kingdom has the following overseas territories:
The British monarch has direct sovereignty over three self-governing Crown dependencies: | |
| Template:Flag – United States of America | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentThe United States is a federation of 50 states with shared sovereignty, 1 federal district, and 1 incorporated territory. Additionally, the Federal government of the United States has sovereignty over thirteen unincorporated territories. Of these territories the following are inhabited possessions: It also has sovereignty over several uninhabited territories:
It also disputes sovereignty over the following territories: Three sovereign states have become associated states of the United States under the Compact of Free Association:
| |
| Template:Flag – Oriental Republic of Uruguay | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Uzbekistan | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentUzbekistan contains 1 autonomous region, Karakalpakstan.Template:Efn | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Vanuatu | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Vatican City State | UN observer state under the designation of “Holy See"; member of three UN specialized agencies and the IAEA | None
Template:ExtentAdministered by the Holy See, a sovereign entity with diplomatic relations to Template:Numrec. This figure consists of Template:Numrec UN member states, the Cook Islands, the Republic of China (Taiwan), and the State of Palestine.[42] In addition, the European Union and the Sovereign Military Order of Malta maintain diplomatic relations with the Holy See. The Holy See is a member of the IAEA, ITU, UPU, and WIPO and a permanent observer of the UN (in the category of "Non-member State")[43] and multiple other UN System organizations. The Vatican City is governed by officials appointed by the Pope, who is the Bishop of the Diocese of Rome and ex officio sovereign of Vatican City. | |
| Template:Flag – Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela | UN member state | None
Template:ExtentVenezuela is a federation of 23 states, 1 capital district, and federal dependencies. | |
| Template:Flag – Socialist Republic of Vietnam | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Yemen | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Zambia | UN member state | None | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Zimbabwe | UN member state | None | |
| ↑ UN member states and observer states ↑ | |||
| ↓ Other states ↓ | |||
| Template:Flag – Republic of Abkhazia | No membership | Template:Claimedby
Template:ExtentRecognised by Russia, Nauru, Nicaragua, Venezuela, Artsakh, South Ossetia and Transnistria.[44] Claimed in whole by Georgia as the Autonomous Republic of Abkhazia. | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of ArtsakhTemplate:Efn | No membership | Template:Claimedby
Template:ExtentA de facto independent state, [45][46] recognised only by Abkhazia,[47] South Ossetia and Transnistria. [48] Claimed in whole by Azerbaijan.[49] | |
| Template:Flag | Member of eight UN specialized agencies | None (See political status) Template:ExtentA state in free association with New Zealand, Template:Numrel. The Cook Islands is a member of multiple UN agencies with full treaty making capacity. It shares a head of state with New Zealand as well as having shared citizenship. | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Kosovo | Member of two UN specialized agencies | Partially recognized. Template:Claimedby
Template:ExtentPursuant to United Nations Security Council Resolution 1244, Kosovo was placed under the administration of the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo in 1999.[50] Kosovo declared independence in 2008, and it has Template:Numrec and the Republic of China, while 11 states have recognized Kosovo only to later withdraw their recognition. Serbia continues to maintain its sovereignty claim over Kosovo. Other UN member states and non UN member states continue to recognise Serbian sovereignty or have taken no position on the question. Kosovo is a member of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank Group. The Republic of Kosovo has de facto control over most of the territory, with limited control in North Kosovo. | |
| Template:Flag | Member of five UN specialized agencies | None (See political status) Template:ExtentA state in free association with New Zealand, Template:Numrel. Niue is a member of multiple UN agencies with full treaty making capacity. It shares a head of state with New Zealand as well as having shared citizenship. | |
| Template:Flag – Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus | No membership | Template:Claimedby
Template:Extent Recognised only by Turkey. Under the name "Turkish Cypriot State", it is an observer state of the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation and the Economic Cooperation Organization. Northern Cyprus is claimed in whole by the Republic of Cyprus.[51] | |
| Template:Flag | No membership | Template:Claimedby
Template:ExtentRecognised at some stage by Template:Numrec, Template:Numrec of which have since withdrawn or frozen their recognition. It is a founding member of the African Union and the Asian–African Strategic Partnership formed at the 2005 Asian–African Conference. The territories under its control, the so-called Free Zone, are claimed in whole by Morocco as part of its Southern Provinces. In turn, the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic claims the part of Western Sahara to the west of the Moroccan Wall controlled by Morocco. Its government resides in exile in Tindouf, Algeria. | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of Somaliland | No membership | Template:Claimedby
Template:ExtentA de facto independent state,[52][53][54][55][56] not diplomatically recognised by any other state, claimed in whole by the Federal Republic of Somalia.[57] | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of South Ossetia–the State of Alania | No membership | Template:Claimedby
Template:ExtentA de facto independent state,[58] recognised by Russia, Nicaragua, Nauru, Syria, Venezuela, Abkhazia, Artsakh and Transnistria. Claimed in whole by Georgia as the Provisional Administrative Entity of South Ossetia.[59] | |
| Template:Flag – Republic of ChinaTemplate:Efn | Former UN member (as Republic of China, 1945–1971) Observer in one UN specialized agency under the name “Chinese Taipei" |
Template:Claimedby
Template:ExtentA state competing (nominally) for recognition with the People's Republic of China (PRC) as the government of China since 1949. The Republic of China (ROC) controls the island of Taiwan and associated islands, Quemoy, Matsu, the Pratas and parts of the Spratly Islands, and has not renounced claims over its annexed territories on the mainland.[60] The ROC is recognised by Template:Numrec. All these states do not recognise the PRC either. Additionally, one UN member (Bhutan) has refrained from recognising either the ROC or the PRC. The territory of the ROC is claimed in whole by the PRC.Template:Efn The ROC participates in international organizations under a variety of pseudonyms, most commonly “Chinese Taipei” and in the WTO it has full membership. The ROC was a founding member of the UN and enjoyed membership from 1945 to 1971, with veto power in the UN Security Council. See China and the United Nations. | |
| Template:Flag – Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic | No membership | Template:Claimedby
Template:ExtentA de facto independent state, recognised only by Abkhazia, Artsakh and South Ossetia. Claimed in whole by Moldova as the Transnistria autonomous territorial unit.[61] | |
| ↑ Other states ↑ | |||
| Legend "Membership within the UN System" column
Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend Template:Legend |
Legend "Sovereignty dispute" column |
2019
- (Wikipedia, 2019) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/country Retrieved:2019-11-29.
- A country is a region that is identified as a distinct entity in political geography.
A country may be an independent sovereign state or part of a larger state, [62] as a non-sovereign or formerly sovereign political division, a physical territory with a government, or a geographic region associated with sets of previously independent or differently associated people with distinct political characteristics. Countries can refer both to sovereign states and to other political entities, while other times it can refer only to states. For example, the CIA World Factbook uses the word in its "Country name" field to refer to "a wide variety of dependencies, areas of special sovereignty, uninhabited islands, and other entities in addition to the traditional countries or independent states". [Note 1
- A country is a region that is identified as a distinct entity in political geography.
- ↑ Template:Cite news
- ↑ "Pakistan Worldview, Report 21, Visit to Azerbaijan". Senate of Pakistan Foreign Relations Committee. 2008. http://www.foreignaffairscommittee.org/includes/content_files/Report%2021%20-%20Visit%20to%20Azerbaijan.pdf.
- ↑ Nilufer Bakhtiyar: "For Azerbaijan Pakistan does not recognise Armenia as a country" Template:Webarchive 13 September 2006 [14:03] – Today.Az
- ↑ Template:Cite news
- ↑ "Bahamas, The | The Commonwealth" (in en). http://thecommonwealth.org/our-member-countries/bahamas. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
- ↑ Stjepanović, Dejan (2015). "Dual Substate Citizenship as Institutional Innovation: The Case of Bosnia's Brčko District". Nationalism and Ethnic Politics 21 (4): 382–383. doi:10.1080/13537113.2015.1095043. ISSN 1353-7113. OCLC 5927465455.
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- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 14 February 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140214060548/http://www.stm.dk/_p_12712.html. Retrieved 20 May 2014.
- ↑ "Rotuma Act". Laws of Fiji (1978 ed.). Suva, Fiji: Government of Fiji. 1927. Archived from the original on 21 June 2010. http://www.itc.gov.fj/lawnet/fiji_act/cap122.html. Retrieved 10 July 2010.
- ↑ Government of Fiji, Office of the Prime Minister (1978). "Chapter 122: Rotuma Act". Laws of Fiji. University of the South Pacific. http://www.paclii.org/fj/legis/consol_act/ra103/. Retrieved 10 November 2010.
- ↑ "The Gambia profile". 14 February 2018. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-13376517. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
- ↑ Constitution of Greece, Art. 105.
- ↑ Iraqi constitution Template:Webarchive
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- ↑ Gold, Dore; Institute for Contemporary Affairs (26 August 2005). "Legal Acrobatics: The Palestinian Claim that Gaza is Still "Occupied" Even After Israel Withdraws". Jerusalem Issue Brief, Vol. 5, No. 3. Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. http://www.jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm. Retrieved 16 July 2010.
- ↑ Bell, Abraham (28 January 2008). "International Law and Gaza: The Assault on Israel's Right to Self-Defense". Jerusalem Issue Brief, Vol. 7, No. 29. Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs. http://www.jcpa.org/brief/brief005-3.htm. Retrieved 16 July 2010.
- ↑ Template:Cite press release
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- ↑ "Israel: 'Disengagement' Will Not End Gaza Occupation". Human Rights Watch. 29 October 2004. https://www.hrw.org/english/docs/2004/10/29/isrlpa9577.htm. Retrieved 16 July 2010.
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- ↑ Keun Min. "Greetings". Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. http://english.jeju.go.kr/contents/index.php?mid=02. Retrieved 10 November 2010.
- ↑ Federal Foreign Office of Germany (November 2009). "Beziehungen zu Deutschland". Government of Germany. http://www.auswaertiges-amt.de/diplo/de/Laenderinformationen/Cookinseln/Bilateral.html. Retrieved 16 July 2010. For more information, see Foreign relations of the Cook Islands.
- ↑ China Internet Information Centre (13 December 2007). "Full text of joint communique on the establishment of diplomatic relations between China and Niue". Xinhua News Agency. http://www.china.org.cn/english/international/235447.htm. Retrieved 16 July 2010.
- ↑ Republic of Nauru Permanent Mission to the United Nations. "Foreign Affairs". United Nations. Archived from the original on 4 October 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20141004083335/http://www.un.int/nauru/foreignaffairs.html. Retrieved 16 July 2010.
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 3 April 2012. https://web.archive.org/web/20120403031600/http://untreaty.un.org/cod/repertory/art102/english/rep_supp8_vol6-art102_e_advance.pdf. Retrieved 15 July 2011.
- ↑ Constitution of Pakistan, Art. 1.
- ↑ Template:Cite news
- ↑ Williams, Kristen P. (2001). Despite nationalist conflicts: theory and practice of maintaining world peace. Greenwood Publishing Group. pp. 154–155. ISBN 978-0-275-96934-9. https://books.google.com/?id=OYmurpH3ahsC.
- ↑ Pruthi, R.K. (2001). An Encyclopaedic Survey Of Global Terrorism In 21St Century. Anmol Publications Pvt. Ltd.. pp. 120–121. ISBN 978-81-261-1091-9. https://books.google.com/?id=C3yDkKDbZ3YC.
- ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 August 2014. https://web.archive.org/web/20140812174212/http://home.ajk.gov.pk/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=72&catid=14. Retrieved 2014-07-28.
- ↑ 33.0 33.1 "To Be Published In The Next Issue Of The" (PDF). http://gbtribune.files.wordpress.com/2012/09/self-governance-order-2009.pdf#. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
- ↑ "AJ&K History". http://www.ajk.gov.pk/history.php. Retrieved 6 January 2018.
- ↑ Lansford, Tom (2014-04-08). Political Handbook of the World 2014. ISBN 9781483333281. https://books.google.com/?id=z-aRAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA1100&dq=azad+kashmir+gilgit+baltistan#v=onepage&q=azad%20kashmir%20gilgit%20baltistan&f=false. Retrieved 5 October 2014.
- ↑ "The Azad Jammu And Kashmir Interim Constitution Act, 1974" (PDF). http://www.ajkassembly.gok.pk/AJK_Interim_Constitution_Act_1974.pdf#. Retrieved 28 July 2014.
- ↑ Palestine Liberation Organization. "Road For Palestinian Statehood: Recognition and Admission". Negotiations Affairs Department. Archived from the original on 18 August 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110818214013/http://www.nad-plo.org/etemplate.php?id=5. Retrieved 28 July 2011.
- ↑ See the following on statehood criteria:
- Mendes, Errol (30 March 2010). Statehood and Palestine for the purposes of Article 12 (3) of the ICC Statute. 30 March 2010. pp. 28, 33. http://uclalawforum.com/media/background/gaza/2010-03-30_Mendes-Memo.pdf. Retrieved 17 April 2011: "...the Palestinian State also meets the traditional criteria under the Montevideo Convention..."; "...the fact that a majority of states have recognised Palestine as a State should easily fulfil the requisite state practice".
- McKinney, Kathryn M. (1994). "The Legal Effects of the Israeli-PLO Declaration ofPrinciples: Steps Toward Statehood for Palestine". Seattle University Law Review (Seattle University) 18 (93): 97. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110722063030/http://lawpublications.seattleu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1438&context=sulr&sei-redir=1#search=%22palestine+%22constitutive+theory%22+statehood%22. Retrieved 17 April 2011: "It is possible, however, to argue for Palestinian statehood based on the constitutive theory".
- McDonald, Avril (Spring 2009). "Operation Cast Lead: Drawing the Battle Lines of the Legal Dispute". Human Rights Brief (Washington College of Law, Center for Human Rights and Humanitarian Law) 25. https://litigation-essentials.lexisnexis.com/webcd/app?action=DocumentDisplay&crawlid=1&doctype=cite&docid=16+Hum.+Rts.+Br.+25&srctype=smi&srcid=3B15&key=74ccae52ba220673512e7784449388f0. Retrieved 17 April 2011: "Whether one applies the criteria of statehood set out in the Montevideo Convention or the more widely accepted constitutive theory of statehood, Palestine might be considered a state."
- ↑ United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. "Arab States: Palestine". United Nations. http://www.unesco.org/new/en/unesco/worldwide/arab-states/palestine/. Retrieved 3 December 2011.
- ↑ "Statement from UNISFA on the recent spate of attacks in Abyei". 18 October 2017. https://unisfa.unmissions.org/statement-unisfa-recent-spate-attacks-abyei. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
- ↑ "Abyei Administration Area Changes Name". 29 July 2015. http://www.gurtong.net/ECM/Editorial/tabid/124/ctl/ArticleView/mid/519/articleId/17103/Abyei-Administration-Area-Changes-Name.aspx. Retrieved 12 February 2018.
- ↑ "Bilateral relations of the Holy See". Holy See website. http://www.vatican.va/roman_curia/secretariat_state/documents/rc_seg-st_20010123_holy-see-relations_en.html. Retrieved 5 June 2012.
- ↑ "Non-member States and Entities". United Nations. 29 February 2008. Archived from the original on 9 May 2009. https://web.archive.org/web/20090509204646/http://www.un.org/en/members/nonmembers.shtml. Retrieved 30 August 2010.
- ↑ "Archived copy" (in Russian). newsru.com. 17 November 2006. http://www.newsru.com/russia/17nov2006/aup.html. Retrieved 5 June 2011.
- ↑ Krüger, Heiko (2010). The Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict: A Legal Analysis. Springer. p. 55. ISBN 978-3-642-11787-9. https://books.google.com/books?id=7JDCQu-Us8sC&lpg=PP1&pg=PA55#v=onepage&q&f=false.
- ↑ Template:Cite news
- ↑ Вице-спикер парламента Абхазии: Выборы в НКР соответствуют всем международным стандартам Template:Webarchive: "Абхазия, Южная Осетия, НКР и Приднестровье уже давно признали независимость друг друга и очень тесно сотрудничают между собой", – сказал вице-спикер парламента Абхазии. ... “...Абхазия признала независимость Нагорно-Карабахской Республики..." – сказал он."
- ↑ "In detail: The foreign policy of Pridnestrovie". Pridnestrovie. 26 May 2010. Archived from the original on 11 May 2008. https://web.archive.org/web/20080511144044/http://pridnestrovie.net/foreignpolicy_full.html. Retrieved 29 June 2010.
- ↑ Regions and territories: Nagorno-Karabakh Template:Webarchive (17 January 2006). BBC News. Retrieved 17 January 2006.
- ↑ "United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo". https://www.un.org/en/peacekeeping/missions/unmik/. Retrieved 8 January 2015.
- ↑ The World Factbook|Cyprus Template:Webarchive (10 January 2006). Central Intelligence Agency. Retrieved 17 January 2006.
- ↑ Ker-Lindsay, James (2012). The Foreign Policy of Counter Secession: Preventing the Recognition of Contested States. Oxford University Press. p. 53. ISBN 9780199698394. https://books.google.com/books?id=4PwmeRG9QsUC. Retrieved 24 September 2013. "In addition to the four cases of contested statehood described above, there are three other territories that have unilaterally declared independence and are generally regarded as having met the Montevideo criteria for statehood but have not been recognized by any states: Transnistria, Nagorny Karabakh, and Somaliland."
- ↑ Kreuter, Aaron (2010). "Self-Determination, Sovereignty, and the Failure of States: Somaliland and the Case for Justified Secession". Minnesota Journal of International Law (University of Minnesota Law School) 19:2: 380–381. http://minnjil.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/04/kreuterweb-pdf.pdf. Retrieved 24 September 2013. "Considering each of these factors, Somaliland has a colorable argument that it meets the theoretical requirements of statehood. ... On these bases, Somaliland appears to have a strong claim to statehood.".
- ↑ International Crisis Group (23 May 2006). "Somaliland: Time for African Union leadership". The Africa Report (Groupe Jeune Afrique) (110): 10–13. Archived from the original on 20 July 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20110720022321/http://www.operationspaix.net/IMG/pdf/ICG_Somaliland_AU_Leadership_2006-05-23_.pdf. Retrieved 19 April 2011.
- ↑ Mesfin, Berouk (September 2009). "The political development of Somaliland and its conflict with Puntland". ISS Paper (Institute for Security Studies) (200): 8. Archived from the original on 23 November 2011. https://web.archive.org/web/20111123043040/http://www.somalilandtimes.net/sl/2009/403/P200.pdf. Retrieved 19 April 2011.
- ↑ Arieff, Alexis. "De Facto Statehood? The Strange Case of Somaliland". Yale Journal of International Affairs (International Affairs Council at Yale) (Spring/Summer 2008): 1–79. http://yalejournal.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/01/083206arieff.pdf. Retrieved 17 April 2011.
- ↑ "Somaliland profile". 14 December 2017. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-14115069. Retrieved 27 January 2018.
- ↑ Jansen, Dinah (2009). "The Conflict between Self-Determination and Territorial Integrity: the South Ossetian Paradigm". Geopolitics Vs. Global Governance: Reinterpreting International Security (Centre for Foreign Policy Studies, University of Dalhousie): 222–242. ISBN 978-1-896440-61-3. https://es.scribd.com/document/31659924/The-Conflict-between-Self-Determination-and-Territorial-Integrity-The-South-Ossetian-Paradigm. Retrieved 14 December 2017Template:Inconsistent citations
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- ↑ Jones, J. (1964). What Makes a Country? Human Events, 24(31), 14.