Common Sense Statement

A Common Sense Statement is a statement that represents a common sense belief.

• Context:
  • It can (typically) not be explicitly recorded in a Reference Document.
  • …
• Example(s):
  • "A healthy bird can typically fly".
  • "A large physical entity can typically be heavy physical entity."
  • "A water accumulation can typically flow downhill."
• Counter-Example(s):
  • a Mathematical Statement.
• See: Common Sense Reasoning Ability, Tacit Knowledge, Common Sense Knowledge Base.

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References

2020

• (Fang, 2020) ⇒ Fang Fang. (2020). “Wuhan Diary.” Bentang Pustaka.
  • QUOTE:
    • Common sense tells us that as long as people exist, disease will always coexist with us. And the same holds true for our social lives — as long as there are people, there will always be those diseased people (what I mean is those ethically corrupt boneheads) living among us.
    • They know that those cadres who go around giving speeches on political education, but who never take concrete action are utterly useless. We refer to them as people who live off the labor of their mouths. And they certainly know that a society that lacks common sense and fails to pursue the facts as they present themselves, not only ends up harming people through words, but can actually result in the loss of human lives....
    • … Only when you understand common sense will you be able to truly understand how to take care of practical matters.
    • …The problem is that your so-called humanistic spirit hasn’t allowed you to think about things from someone else’s perspective. If you did, then you would have taken all this into consideration already.... Adhering to the principles of humanism is the most basic and fundamental type of common sense.

2015

• (Wikipedia, 2015) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/common_sense Retrieved:2015-7-26.
  • Common sense is a basic ability to perceive, understand, and judge things, which is shared by ("common to") nearly all people, and can be reasonably expected of nearly all people without any need for debate. The everyday understanding of what common sense is derives from philosophical discussion, involving several European languages. Related terms in other languages include Latin , Greek (koinē aísthēsis), and French and idée reçue, but these are not straightforward translations in all contexts. Similarly in English, there are different shades of meaning, implying more or less education and wisdom: "good sense" is sometimes seen as equivalent to "common sense", and sometimes not. "Common sense" has at least two specifically philosophical meanings. One is a capability of the animal soul (Greek psukhē) proposed by Aristotle, which enables different individual senses to collectively perceive the characteristics of physical things such as movement and size, which all physical things have in different combinations, allowing people and other animals to distinguish and identify physical things. This common sense is distinct from basic sensory perception and from human rational thinking, but cooperates with both. The second special use of the term is Roman-influenced and is used for the natural human sensitivity for other humans and the community. Just like the everyday meaning, both of these refer to a type of basic awareness and ability to judge which most people are expected to share naturally, even if they can not explain why. All these meanings of "common sense", including the everyday one, are inter-connected in a complex history and have evolved during important political and philosophical debates in modern western civilisation, notably concerning science, politics and economics. The interplay between the meanings has come to be particularly notable in English, as opposed to other western European languages, and the English term has become international. In modern times the term "common sense" has frequently been used for rhetorical effect, sometimes pejorative, and sometimes appealed to positively, as an authority. It can be negatively equated to vulgar prejudice and superstition, or on the contrary it is often positively contrasted to them as a standard for good taste and as the source of the most basic axioms needed for science and logic. This began with Descartes' criticism of it, and what came to be known as the dispute between “rationalism” and “empiricism”. In the opening line of one his most famous books, Discourse on Method, he established the most common modern meaning, and its controversies, when he stated that everyone has a similar and sufficient amount of common sense (bon sens), but it is rarely used well. Therefore a skeptical logical method described by Descartes needs to be followed and common sense should not be overly relied upon. In the ensuing 18th century Enlightenment, common sense came to be seen more positively as the basis for modern thinking. It was contrasted to metaphysics, which was, like Cartesianism, associated with the ancien régime. Thomas Paine's pamphlet Common Sense has been described as the most influential political pamphlet of the 18th century affecting both the American and French revolutions. Today, the concept of common sense, and how it should best be used, remains linked to many of the most perennial topics in epistemology and ethics, with special focus often being upon the philosophy of the modern social sciences.

2011

• http://www.cyc.com/faqs/what-do-you-mean-common-sense
  • As a rule of thumb, commonsense is the knowledge we all have but it not necessarily recorded in reference books explicitly. For example, it is somewhat difficult to find an encyclopedia or dictionary that says that when a bowl is inverted, its contents run out. In addition to the broadly applicable information that is found in reference books, Cyc has many hand entered facts required to understand the assumptions that underlie human discourse. Commonsense representation and reasoning in the Cyc Knowledge Base has the goal of avoiding the brittleness observed when scaling up typical expert systems to include more knowledge. Cyc is engineered to eventually have a suitable representation for the full range of human expression, so that expert knowledge bases can be created by extending from the Cyc upper and middle ontology. Our methodology assumes that representing new knowledge is much easier when a large body of general purpose knowledge is already present. Cyc uses inheritance hierarchies within its major object types (e.g. terms, relationships and contexts) to concisely represent knowledge.

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