Attention System
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An Attention System is a cognitive subsystem for selectively concentrating on a discrete aspect of information.
- Context:
- It can range from being a Focused Attention Process to being a Divided Attention Process (such as multitasking).
- Example(s):
- …
- Counter-Example(s):
- See: Attention Deficit Disorder, Attention Measure, Attention Economy, Cognitive Neuroscience, Neuropsychology, Neuronal Tuning, Neurons, Working Memory, Vigilance (Psychology), Consciousness.
References
2022
- (Wikipedia, 2022) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attention Retrieved:2022-7-17.
- Attention is the behavioral and cognitive process of selectively concentrating on a discrete aspect of information, whether considered subjective or objective, while ignoring other perceivable information. William James (1890) wrote that "Attention is the taking possession by the mind, in clear and vivid form, of one out of what seem several simultaneously possible objects or trains of thought. Focalization, concentration, of consciousness are of its essence.” Attention has also been described as the allocation of limited cognitive processing resources. Attention is manifested by an attentional bottleneck, in term of the amount of data the brain can process each second; for example, in human vision, only less than 1% of the visual input data (at around one megabyte per second) can enter the bottleneck, Zhaoping L (2014). Understanding vision: theory, models, and data. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199564668.</ref> leading to inattentional blindness.[1] Attention remains a crucial area of investigation within education, psychology, neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, and neuropsychology. Areas of active investigation involve determining the source of the sensory cues and signals that generate attention, the effects of these sensory cues and signals on the tuning properties of sensory neurons, and the relationship between attention and other behavioral and cognitive processes, which may include working memory and psychological vigilance. A relatively new body of research, which expands upon earlier research within psychopathology, is investigating the diagnostic symptoms associated with traumatic brain injury and its effects on attention. Attention also varies across cultures.[2]
The relationships between attention and consciousness are complex enough that they have warranted perennial philosophical exploration. Such exploration is both ancient and continually relevant, as it can have effects in fields ranging from mental health and the study of disorders of consciousness to artificial intelligence and its domains of research.
- Attention is the behavioral and cognitive process of selectively concentrating on a discrete aspect of information, whether considered subjective or objective, while ignoring other perceivable information. William James (1890) wrote that "Attention is the taking possession by the mind, in clear and vivid form, of one out of what seem several simultaneously possible objects or trains of thought. Focalization, concentration, of consciousness are of its essence.” Attention has also been described as the allocation of limited cognitive processing resources. Attention is manifested by an attentional bottleneck, in term of the amount of data the brain can process each second; for example, in human vision, only less than 1% of the visual input data (at around one megabyte per second) can enter the bottleneck, Zhaoping L (2014). Understanding vision: theory, models, and data. United Kingdom: Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199564668.</ref> leading to inattentional blindness.[1] Attention remains a crucial area of investigation within education, psychology, neuroscience, cognitive neuroscience, and neuropsychology. Areas of active investigation involve determining the source of the sensory cues and signals that generate attention, the effects of these sensory cues and signals on the tuning properties of sensory neurons, and the relationship between attention and other behavioral and cognitive processes, which may include working memory and psychological vigilance. A relatively new body of research, which expands upon earlier research within psychopathology, is investigating the diagnostic symptoms associated with traumatic brain injury and its effects on attention. Attention also varies across cultures.[2]
- ↑ Chabris CF, Simons DJ (2010). The Invisible Gorilla and Other Ways Our Intuitions Deceive Us. New York: Crown.
- ↑ Chavajay P, Rogoff B (July 1999). “Cultural variation in management of attention by children and their caregivers". Developmental Psychology. 35 (4): 1079–90. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.35.4.1079. PMID 10442876.
2011
- (Graziano & Kastner, 2011) ⇒ Michael S. Graziano, and Sabine Kastner. (2011). “Awareness As a Perceptual Model of Attention.” Cognitive neuroscience 2, no. 2
2005
- (Canli et al., 2005) ⇒ Turhan Canli, Kazufumi Omura, Brian W. Haas, Andreas Fallgatter, R. Todd Constable, and Klaus Peter Lesch. (2005). “Beyond Affect: A Role for Genetic Variation of the Serotonin Transporter in Neural Activation During a Cognitive Attention Task.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 102, no. 34
- (Hood et al., 2005) ⇒ Jane Hood, Gillian Baird, Peter M. Rankin, and Elizabeth Isaacs. (2005). “Immediate Effects of Methylphenidate on Cognitive Attention Skills of Children with Attention-deficit–hyperactivity Disorder.” Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology 47, no. 06
- QUOTE: This study investigated the immediate effects of stimulant medication (methylphenidate) on cognitive attention processes in children with attention-deficit–hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).