Allotrope Molecule
An Allotrope Molecule is a single-element molecule variation.
- Context:
- It can occur in different forms, such as Carbon Allotropes including Diamond, Graphite, and Graphene.
- It can exhibit different State of Matters depending on the allotrope and conditions.
- It can have distinct Chemical Bond structures like the Tetrahedral Molecular Geometry of Diamond or the Hexagonal Lattice of Graphite.
- It can show different physical and chemical behaviors due to variations in their Crystal Structure.
- It can include multiple forms such as Allotropes of Phosphorus, demonstrating different Atomic Arrangements and Bonding Patterns.
- ...
- Example(s):
- a Carbon Allotrope, such as Diamond, Graphite, and Graphene.
- a Phosphorus Allotrope, such as White Phosphorus, Red Phosphorus, and Black Phosphorus.
- an Oxygen Allotrope, such as Oxygen (O2) and Ozone (O3).
- a Sulfur Allotrope, such as Rhombic Sulfur and Monoclinic Sulfur.
- a Tin Allotrope, such as Gray Tin and White Tin.
- a Selenium Allotrope, such as Amorphous Selenium and Crystalline Selenium.
- an Arsenic Allotrope, such as Gray Arsenic and Yellow Arsenic.
- ...
- Counter-Example(s):
- Isotopes, which are atoms of the same element with different numbers of neutrons, rather than different structural forms.
- Polymorphs, which are different crystal forms of a compound rather than an element.
- See: Allotropy, Chemical Element, State of Matter, Atom, Chemical Bond, Allotropes of Carbon, Diamond, Cubic Crystal System, Tetrahedral Molecular Geometry, Graphite, Hexagonal Lattice, Graphene.
References
2024
- (Wikipedia, 2024) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allotropy Retrieved:2024-7-13.
- Allotropy or allotropism () is the property of some chemical elements to exist in two or more different forms, in the same physical state, known as allotropes of the elements. Allotropes are different structural modifications of an element: the atoms of the element are bonded together in different manners.
For example, the allotropes of carbon include diamond (the carbon atoms are bonded together to form a cubic lattice of tetrahedra), graphite (the carbon atoms are bonded together in sheets of a hexagonal lattice), graphene (single sheets of graphite), and fullerenes (the carbon atoms are bonded together in spherical, tubular, or ellipsoidal formations).
The term allotropy is used for elements only, not for compounds. The more general term, used for any compound, is polymorphism, although its use is usually restricted to solid materials such as crystals. Allotropy refers only to different forms of an element within the same physical phase (the state of matter, such as a solid, liquid or gas). The differences between these states of matter would not alone constitute examples of allotropy. Allotropes of chemical elements are frequently referred to as polymorphs or as phases of the element.
For some elements, allotropes have different molecular formulae or different crystalline structures, as well as a difference in physical phase; for example, two allotropes of oxygen (dioxygen, O2, and ozone, O3) can both exist in the solid, liquid and gaseous states. Other elements do not maintain distinct allotropes in different physical phases; for example, phosphorus has numerous solid allotropes, which all revert to the same P4 form when melted to the liquid state.
- Allotropy or allotropism () is the property of some chemical elements to exist in two or more different forms, in the same physical state, known as allotropes of the elements. Allotropes are different structural modifications of an element: the atoms of the element are bonded together in different manners.