Justified Belief

A Justified Belief is a belief that has a (sound) belief justifier.

• AKA: Substantiated Opinion.
• Context:
  • It can range from being a Justified True Belief to being a Justified False Belief.
  • It can range from being a Justified Concept to being a Justified Relationship.
  • It can range from being a Justified Popular Belief to being a Justified Countercurrent Belief.
  • It can range from being a Strongly-Justified Belief to being a Weakly-Justified Belief.
  • It can range from being an Evidence-Justified Belief to being an Authority-Justified Belief.
• Example(s):
  • “The Earth is nearly round (and certainly not flat). The evidence includes photographic evidence from space, such as://" http://history.nasa.gov/SP-4312/p132.jpg.".
  • “For every action, there is an equal (in size) and opposite (in direction) reaction force. The evidence includes personal experience, and most physical experiments affirm it.”
  • “[The keyboard that I am touching] weighs less than [the table that I am touching].”.
  • …
• Counter-Example(s):
  • an Unjustified Belief.
  • an Unjustified Choice.
  • a Popular Belief.
• See: Rational Belief, Essentialist Belief, Evidence, Knowledge, Biased Belief.

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References

2013

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theory_of_justification
  • Theory of justification is a part of epistemology that attempts to understand the justification of propositions and beliefs. Epistemologists are concerned with various epistemic features of belief, which include the ideas of justification, warrant, rationality, and probability. Of these four terms, the term that has been most widely used and discussed by the early 21st century is "warrant". Loosely speaking, justification is the reason that someone (properly) holds a belief.

    If A makes a claim, and B then casts doubt on it, A's next move would normally be to provide justification. Empiricism (the evidence of the senses), authoritative testimony (the appeal to criteria and authority), and logical deduction are often involved in justification.
    

    Justification-based theories of knowledge can be divided into:

    • irrationalism, which appeals to irrational criteria and authorities (such as feelings) and
    • panrationalism, which appeals to rational criteria and authorities (such as observation or reasoning).

2004

• (Schiffer, 2004) ⇒ Stephen Schiffer. (2004). “Skepticism and the Vagaries of Justified Belief." Philosophical Studies 119, no. 1

1979

• (Goldman, 1979) ⇒ Alvin I. Goldman. (1979). “What is Justified Belief ?.” In: Justification and knowledge, pp. 1-23. Springer Netherla

1969

• (Gettier , 1963) ⇒ Edmund L. Gettier. (1963). “Is Justified True Belief Knowledge ?.” In: Analysis

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