Intelligence-Requiring Task

An Intelligence-Requiring Task is an information-processing task (a decisioning task) that has a task goal.

• AKA: Intelligence Task, Smart Task, IRT.
• Context:
  • Input: Task Description, Task Goal
    • optional: task constraints
    • optional: performance criteria
  • Output: Task Goal Solution
  • Measure: Intelligence Task Performance Measure
  • ...
  • It can (typically) require Mental Abilities
  • It can (typically) involve Complex Processing
  • It can (typically) need Goal Understanding
  • It can (often) require Problem Analysis
  • It can (often) involve Solution Generation
  • ...
  • It can range from being a Domain-Specific Intelligence Task to being a General Intelligence Task, depending on its intelligence scope
  • It can range from being a Human-Performed Intelligence Task to being an Automated Intelligence Task, depending on its execution agent
  • It can range from being a Simple Intelligence Task to being a Complex Intelligence Task, depending on its task complexity
  • It can range from being an Independent Intelligence Task to being a Social Intelligence Task, depending on its interaction mode
  • It can range from being a Rote Intelligence Task to being a Creative Intelligence Task, depending on its solution approach
  • ...
  • It can (typically) be supported by: an Abstraction Task, Understanding Task, Communication Task, Judgement Task, Reasoning Task, Learning Task, Memorization, Planning, Theory of Mind, and Problem Solving
  • It can be solved by an Intelligent System (that implements an intelligence algorithm)
  • It can be instantiated in an Act of Intelligence
  • ...
• Examples:
  • Strategic Tasks, such as:
    • Game Playing Tasks for competition
    • Algorithm Design Tasks for problem solving
    • Planning Tasks for goal achievement
    • ...
  • Social Intelligence Tasks, such as:
    • Moral Decision Making Tasks for ethical reasoning
    • Emotional Intelligence Tasks for empathy
    • Communication Tasks for interaction
    • ...
  • Technical Tasks, such as:
    • Software Programming Tasks for system development
    • Question-Answering Tasks for knowledge retrieval
    • Problem Analysis Tasks for solution finding
    • ...
  • ...
• Counter-Example(s):
  • Face Recognition Tasks, which are visual classification tasks requiring pattern matching
  • Random Number Generation Tasks, which lack purposeful intelligence
  • Reflexive Tasks, which are automatic responses
• See: Social Intelligence, Self-Awareness, Agency Task, Cognitive Function, Problem Solving.

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References

2015

• Yann LeCun. (2015). “Augmented Knowledge: Teaching Machines to Understand Us." EMTech-2015
  • QUOTE: Prediction is the essence of intelligence.

2013

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligence
  • Intelligence has been defined in many different ways including, but not limited to, abstract thought, understanding, self-awareness, communication, reasoning, learning, having emotional knowledge, retaining, planning, and problem solving.

    Intelligence is most widely studied in humans, but has also been observed in animals and in plants. Artificial intelligence is the simulation of intelligence in machines.

    Within the discipline of psychology, various approaches to human intelligence have been adopted. The psychometric approach is especially familiar to the general public, as well as being the most researched and by far the most widely used in practical settings.

• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intelligence#Definitions
  • The definition of intelligence is controversial. Some groups of psychologists have suggested the following definitions:
  1. From “Mainstream Science on Intelligence” (1994), an editorial statement by fifty-two researchers:
     A very general mental capability that, among other things, involves the ability to reason, plan, solve problems, think abstractly, comprehend complex ideas, learn quickly and learn from experience. It is not merely book learning, a narrow academic skill, or test-taking smarts. Rather, it reflects a broader and deeper capability for comprehending our surroundings — "catching on," "making sense" of things, or "figuring out" what to do.}}
  2. From “Intelligence: Knowns and Unknowns” (1995), a report published by the Board of Scientific Affairs of the American Psychological Association:
     Individuals differ from one another in their ability to understand complex ideas, to adapt effectively to the environment, to learn from experience, to engage in various forms of reasoning, to overcome obstacles by taking thought. Although these individual differences can be substantial, they are never entirely consistent: a given person's intellectual performance will vary on different occasions, in different domains, as judged by different criteria. Concepts of "intelligence" are attempts to clarify and organize this complex set of phenomena. Although considerable clarity has been achieved in some areas, no such conceptualization has yet answered all the important questions, and none commands universal assent. Indeed, when two dozen prominent theorists were recently asked to define intelligence, they gave two dozen, somewhat different, definitions.}}

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