Criminal Offender

A Criminal Offender is a person who commits crimes (violating laws established by a jurisdiction).

Context:
- It can typically engage in Criminal Behavior through law violation and societal norm transgression.
- It can typically experience Legal Consequence through arrest process and judicial proceeding.
- It can typically possess Criminal Intent through mens rea and actus reus.
- It can typically navigate Criminal Justice System through legal process and correctional experience.
- It can typically develop Criminal History through offense pattern and recorded violation.
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- It can often display Risk Factor through personal background and environmental influence.
- It can often exhibit Recidivism Pattern through repeat offense and rehabilitation challenge.
- It can often demonstrate Criminogenic Need through criminal thinking pattern and antisocial attitude.
- It can often navigate Community Reentry through post-incarceration adjustment and societal reintegration.
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- It can range from being a First-Time Criminal Offender to being a Career Criminal Offender, depending on its offense frequency.
- It can range from being a Non-Violent Criminal Offender to being a Violent Criminal Offender, depending on its offense nature.
- It can range from being a Juvenile Criminal Offender to being an Adult Criminal Offender, depending on its developmental stage.
- It can range from being a Low-Risk Criminal Offender to being a High-Risk Criminal Offender, depending on its recidivism probability.
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- It can have Criminogenic Factor that influences criminal behavior through personal characteristic and environmental condition.
- It can face Legal Status that affects civil rights through conviction consequence and legal restriction.
- It can experience Correctional Intervention that targets criminal thinking through rehabilitation program and treatment protocol.
- It can develop Community Supervision Relationship that monitors post-release behavior through probation requirement and parole condition.
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Examples:
- Criminal Offender Types, such as:
  - Property Criminal Offenders, such as:
    - Theft Offenders committing property taking without force.
    - Burglary Offenders engaging in unlawful entry for criminal purpose.
    - Fraud Offenders perpetrating deception for financial gain.
  - Violent Criminal Offenders, such as:
    - Assault Offenders causing physical harm to victims.
    - Robbery Offenders using force or threat to obtain property.
    - Homicide Offenders committing life-taking acts against victims.
  - Public Order Criminal Offenders, such as:
    - Drug Offenders violating controlled substance laws.
    - Public Intoxication Offenders displaying impairment in public space.
    - Disorderly Conduct Offenders disturbing public peace.
- Criminal Offender Classifications, such as:
  - Risk Level Criminal Offenders categorized by recidivism likelihood.
  - Criminogenic Need Criminal Offenders grouped by intervention requirement.
  - Supervision Level Criminal Offenders classified by monitoring intensity.
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Counter-Examples:
- Civil Law Violators, who breach non-criminal regulations resulting in financial penalty rather than criminal sanction.
- Mental Health Patients with behavioral issues that may resemble criminal behavior but stem from psychiatric conditions.
- Juvenile Status Offenders, who commit acts that would not be crimes if performed by adults.
- Historical Accused Individuals convicted under obsolete laws no longer considered crimes in modern society.
See: Crime, Criminal Justice System, Offender Rehabilitation, Criminal Law, Criminology, Criminal Psychology.
References:
- Andrews, D. A., & Bonta, J. (2010). The Psychology of Criminal Conduct (5th ed.). LexisNexis.
- Cullen, F. T., & Jonson, C. L. (2011). Correctional Theory: Context and Consequences. SAGE Publications.
- Latessa, E. J., & Lovins, B. (2010). The role of offender risk assessment: A policy maker guide. Victims and Offenders, 5(3), 203-219.