Immunotherapy
An Immunotherapy is a disease treatment that makes use of the immune system.
- Context:
- It can range from being an Activation Immunotherapy to being a Suppression Immunotherapy.
- …
- Example(s):
- See: Immune System, Immunosuppression, Macrophage, Natural Killer Cell, Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor.
References
2021
- (Wikipedia, 2021) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/immunotherapy Retrieved:2021-11-2.
- Immunotherapy or biological therapy is the treatment of disease by activating or suppressing the immune system. Immunotherapies designed to elicit or amplify an immune response are classified as activation immunotherapies, while immunotherapies that reduce or suppress are classified as suppression immunotherapies.
In recent years,immunotherapy has become of great interest to researchers, clinicians and pharmaceutical companies, particularly in its promise to treat various forms of cancer. As a result, the standard of care for cancer is changing, as well as gaining complexity for managing patient care. [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] Immunomodulatory drugs currently have unknown effects on the body. Cell-based immunotherapies are effective for some cancers. Immune effector cells such as lymphocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells, natural killer cells (NK Cell), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), etc., work together to defend the body against cancer by targeting abnormal antigens expressed on the surface of tumor cells. Vaccine-induced immunity to Covid-19 relies mostly on an immunomodulatory T cell response.
Therapies such as granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), interferons, imiquimod and cellular membrane fractions from bacteria are licensed for medical use. Others including IL-2, IL-7, IL-12, various chemokines, synthetic cytosine phosphate-guanosine (CpG) oligodeoxynucleotides and glucans are involved in clinical and preclinical studies.
- Immunotherapy or biological therapy is the treatment of disease by activating or suppressing the immune system. Immunotherapies designed to elicit or amplify an immune response are classified as activation immunotherapies, while immunotherapies that reduce or suppress are classified as suppression immunotherapies.
- ↑ Wang, S., Zimmermann, S., Parikh, K., Mansfield, A.S., & Adjei, A.A. (2019). Current diagnosis and management of small-cell lung cancer. Mayo Clinic Proceedings, 94(8), 1599–1622. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mayocp.2019.01.034
- ↑ Prettyman, J., Engel, L., Boldt-Houle, D.M., Atkinson, S., & Wilt, W. (2018). Personalizing treatment in the delivery of care by nurses to patients with prostate cancer. Urologic Nursing, 39(2), 83–99. https://doi.org/10.7257/1053-816x .2019.39.2.83
- ↑ Clarke, J.M., George, D.J., Lisi, S., & Salama, A.K.S. (2018). Immune checkpoint blockade: The new frontier in cancer treatment. Targeted Oncology, 13(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/ 10.1007/s11523-017-0549-7
- ↑ Chalmers, A.W., Patel, S.B., & Akerley, W. (2018). Immunother-apy after chemoradiotherapy in stage III non-small cell lung cancer: A new standard of care? Journal of Thoracic Disease, 10(3), 1198–1200. https://doi.org/10.21037/jtd.2018.01.160
- ↑ Bayer, V., Amaya, B., Baniewicz, D., Callahan, C., Marsh, L., & McCoy, A. S. (2017). Cancer immunotherapy: An evidence-based overview and implications for practice. Clinical Journal of Oncology Nursing, 21(2, Suppl.), 13–21. https://doi.org/10.1188/17.CJON.S2.13-211
- ↑ Offner B.J., Rinke L. Immunotherapy assessment: Using a survey instrument to examine oncology nurses' confidence levels with administration and management. Clin. J. Oncol. Nurs.. 2021;25(3):343-346. doi:10.1188/21.CJON.343-346