Hominini Species Cluster
A Hominini Species Cluster is a homininae species cluster whose ancestors are all descended from an original Homini species that lived around 6 to 7 million years ago (MYA).
- Context:
- It can have around 98-99% shared genetic material between species like humans and chimpanzees.
- It can have 46 chromosomes in Homo sapiens and 48 chromosomes in Pan species (chimpanzees and bonobos).
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- Example(s):
- Homo Genus 46 chromosomes, which includes modern humans (Homo sapiens) and extinct species such as Homo habilis and Homo erectus.
- Pan Genus 48 chromosomes, which includes both chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and bonobos (Pan paniscus), making them part of the Hominini tribe as close relatives of humans.
- Australopithecus afarensis which lived from 3.9 to 2.9 million years ago in Eastern Africa.
- ...
- Counter-Example(s):
- See: Australopithecine, Human, Chimpanzee, Joseph V. Brady, Ham (Chimpanzee), Camille Arambourg, Homo, Genus, Panina, Pan (Genus), Australopithecina, Australopithecus.
References
2024
- (Wikipedia, 2024) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hominini Retrieved:2024-9-14.
- The Hominini (hominins) form a taxonomic tribe of the subfamily Homininae (hominines). They comprise two extant genera: Homo (humans) and Pan (chimpanzees and bonobos), but in standard usage exclude the genus Gorilla (gorillas), which is grouped separately within subfamily Homininae.
The term Hominini was originally introduced by Camille Arambourg (1948), who combined the categories of Hominina and Simiina pursuant to Gray's classifications (1825).
Traditionally, chimpanzees, gorillas and orangutans were grouped together, excluding humans, as pongids. Since Gray's classifications, evidence accumulating from genetic phylogeny confirmed that humans, chimpanzees, and gorillas are more closely related to each other than to the orangutan. The orangutans were reassigned to the family Hominidae (great apes), which already included humans; and the gorillas were grouped as a separate tribe (Gorillini) of the subfamily Homininae. Still, details of this reassignment remain contested, and of publishing since (on tribe Hominini), not every source excludes gorillas and not every source includes chimpanzees.
Humans are the only extant species in the Australopithecine branch (subtribe), which also contains many extinct close relatives of humans.
- The Hominini (hominins) form a taxonomic tribe of the subfamily Homininae (hominines). They comprise two extant genera: Homo (humans) and Pan (chimpanzees and bonobos), but in standard usage exclude the genus Gorilla (gorillas), which is grouped separately within subfamily Homininae.