Unforced Choice
An Unforced Choice is a conscious choice (by a conscious agent) that is an unforced choice.
- AKA: Free/Voluntary Conscious Decision.
- Context:
- It can range from (typically) being a Free Human Choice to being an Unforced Choice by a Conscious AI.
- It can range from being a Difficult-to-Perform Unforced Choice to being a Easy-to-Perform Unforced Choice.
- It can range from being a Free Conscious Random Choice to being a Free Conscious Deliberate Choice.
- It can range from being a Free Conscious Subjective Choice to being an Free Conscious Objective Choice.
- It can range from being an Free Fully-Conscious Choice to being a Free Partially-Conscious Choice.
- It can range from being a Wise Free Choice to being an Unwise Free Choice.
- Example(s):
- a Free Human Choice, such as the choice for a person to eat.
- a Moral Choice.
- a Choice to Binge, such as video bingeing or video game bingeing.
- …
- Counter-Example(s):
- a Forced Conscious Choice, such as: the choice to give a thief your wallet
- a Forced Choice, such as: being force fed.
- See: Cognitive Dissonance, Cultural Pressure, Going-With-The-Flow, Truthful Statement, False Dilemma, Choice, Action (Philosophy), Moral Responsibility, Praise, Culpability, Sin, Advice (Opinion), Persuasion, Deliberation, Determinism, Ancient Greek Philosophy.
References
2023
- (Sapolsky, 2023) ⇒ Robert M. Sapolsky. (2023). “Determined: A Science of Life Without Free Will.”
- NOTE: It argues that
- We don't have contra-causal free will (the ability to choose differently under exactly the same circumstances).
- Further, that free will is an illusion, and that everything we do is determined by our genes, our environment, and our past experiences.
- If we do not have free will, then we cannot be held morally responsible for our actions.
- NOTE: It argues that
2016
- (Wikipedia, 2016) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/free_will Retrieved:2016-10-19.
- Free will is the ability to choose between different possible courses of action. It is closely linked to the concepts of responsibility, praise, guilt, sin, and other judgments which apply only to actions that are freely chosen. It is also connected with the concepts of advice, persuasion, deliberation, and prohibition. Traditionally, only actions that are freely willed are seen as deserving credit or blame. There are numerous different concerns about threats to the possibility of free will, varying by how exactly it is conceived, which is a matter of some debate.
Some conceive free will to be the capacity to make choices in which the outcome has not been determined by past events. Determinism suggests that only one course of events is possible, which is inconsistent with the existence of such free will. This problem has been identified in ancient Greek philosophy, and remains a major focus of philosophical debate. This view that conceives free will to be incompatible with determinism is called incompatibilism, and encompasses both metaphysical libertarianism, the claim that determinism is false and thus free will is at least possible, and hard determinism, the claim that determinism is true and thus free will is not possible. It also encompasses hard incompatibilism, which holds not only determinism but also its negation to be incompatible with free will, and thus free will to be impossible whatever the case may be regarding determinism.
In contrast, compatibilists hold that free will is compatible with determinism. Some compatibilists even hold that determinism is necessary for free will, arguing that choice involves preference for one course of action over another, requiring a sense of how choices will turn out.[1] Compatibilists thus consider the debate between libertarians and hard determinists over free will vs determinism a false dilemma. Different compatibilists offer very different definitions of what "free will" even means, and consequently find different types of constraints to be relevant to the issue. Classical compatiblists considered free will nothing more than freedom of action, considering one free of will simply if, had one counterfactually wanted to do otherwise, one could have done otherwise without physical impediment. Contemporary compatibilists instead identify free will as a psychological capacity, such as to direct one's behavior in a way responsive to reason. And there are still further different conceptions of free will, each with their own concerns, sharing only the common feature of not finding the possibility of determinism a threat to the possibility of free will.
- Free will is the ability to choose between different possible courses of action. It is closely linked to the concepts of responsibility, praise, guilt, sin, and other judgments which apply only to actions that are freely chosen. It is also connected with the concepts of advice, persuasion, deliberation, and prohibition. Traditionally, only actions that are freely willed are seen as deserving credit or blame. There are numerous different concerns about threats to the possibility of free will, varying by how exactly it is conceived, which is a matter of some debate.
- ↑ An argument by Rudolph Carnap described by: