Research and Development (R&D) Program
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A Research and Development (R&D) Program is an organizational program that supports R&D tasks.
- Context:
- It can range from being a Governmental R&D Program, a Not-for-Profit R&D Program, and a For-Profit R&D Program.
- It can range from being a Small-Scale Research and Development Program to being a Large-Scale Research and Development Program.
- It can involve various stages of research, including Basic Research, Applied Research, and Development.
- It can be conducted in various sectors, such as Technology, Healthcare, Agriculture, and Energy.
- It can include collaborations with academic institutions, industry partners, and government agencies.
- It can aim to innovate and create new products, services, or processes, or to improve existing ones.
- It can be funded through various means, such as government grants, corporate investment, or private donations.
- It can result in significant intellectual property, including patents and proprietary technologies.
- It can require multidisciplinary teams, including scientists, engineers, project managers, and marketers.
- It can involve regulatory and ethical considerations, particularly in fields like healthcare and biotechnology.
- ...
- Example(s):
- a Governmental R&D Program, such as the National Institutes of Health (NIH) Research Program.
- a Not-for-Profit R&D Program, such as the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation Global Health Program.
- a For-Profit R&D Program, such as Google X, focused on developing breakthrough technologies.
- ...
- Counter-Example(s):
- Routine Operational Program, which focuses on the daily operations of an organization rather than innovation and development.
- Sales and Marketing Program, which focuses on promoting and selling products rather than developing them.
- Educational Program, which focuses on teaching and learning rather than creating new products or technologies.
- See: Return on Investment, Corporate Research and Development, New Product Development, Applied Science, Applied Research.
References
2018
- (Wikipedia, 2018) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Research_and_development Retrieved:2018-3-5.
- Research and development (R&D, R+D, or Rn'D), also known in Europe as research and technological development (RTD), refers to innovative activities undertaken by corporations or governments in developing new services or products, or improving existing services or products. Research and development constitutes the first stage of development of a potential new service or product.
R&D activities differ from institution to institution, with two primary models of an R&D department either staffed by engineers and tasked with directly developing new products, or staffed with industrial scientists and tasked with applied research in scientific or technological fields, which may facilitate future product development. R&D differs from the vast majority of corporate activities in that it is not intended to yield immediate profit, and generally carries greater risk and an uncertain return on investment. However R&D is crucial for acquiring larger shares of the market through the marketisation of new products.
- Research and development (R&D, R+D, or Rn'D), also known in Europe as research and technological development (RTD), refers to innovative activities undertaken by corporations or governments in developing new services or products, or improving existing services or products. Research and development constitutes the first stage of development of a potential new service or product.