Natural Language
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A natural language is an human language (an infinite set of linguistic expressions within a natural language grammar) that has naturally evolved.
- AKA: Human Language System.
- Context:
- It can (typically) be used by a Linguistic Agent to communicate meaning (to another linguistic agent).
- It can (typically) be restricted to Linguistic Expressions that satisfy a Natural Language Syntax and have a Grammatical Mood, Grammatical Tense, Grammatical Aspect, Grammatical Polarity.
- It can contain an Infinite Set of Natural Language Words.
- Composed of an Infinite Set of Content Words and a Finite set of Function Words.
- Associate to a Lexicon (of Lexemes??).
- It can evolve and have Dialects.
- It can range from being a Spoken Language to being a Written Language (supported by a writing system).
- It can be Modeled by a Natural Language Theory.
- It can belong to a Natural Language Group.
- Example(s):
- an Evolved Natural Language.
- English Language (English, American, Canadian, Australian, Indian).
- Spanish Language (Spain, Mexico, Argentinian).
- Chinese Language.
- German Language.
- Finnish Language.
- Swiss-German Language.
- Bambara Language.
- Greek Language.
- a Constructed Natural Language, such as Esperanto or Structured English.
- …
- an Evolved Natural Language.
- Counter-Example(s):
- See: Natural Language Processing, Formal Language.
References
2009
- WordNet.
- a human written or spoken language used by a community; opposed to e.g. a computer language
- http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/natural_language
- a human language which has evolved naturally in a community, usually in contrast to computer programming languages or to artificially constructed ...
- CYC Glossary http://www.cyc.com/cycdoc/ref/glossary.html
- natural language (NL): Natural language is just human language, for example English. When people talk about "NL" aspects of CYC®, they are referring to Cyc's growing ability to understand natural language.
2005
- (ANSI Z39.19, 2005) ⇒ ANSI. (2005). “ANSI/NISO Z39.19 - Guidelines for the Construction, Format, and Management of Monolingual Controlled Vocabularies." ANSI.
- QUOTE: "natural language A language used by human beings for verbal communication. Words extracted from natural language texts for indexing purposes without vocabulary control are often called keywords.