Total Factor Productivity (TFP) Measure
A Total Factor Productivity (TFP) Measure is a economic performance measure that accounts for effects in total economic output not attributed to a labor measure (e.g. labor productivity) or a capital measure (e.g. capital productivity).
- AKA: Multi-Factor Productivity.
- Context:
- It can be affected by new types of machines to more efficient business practices.
- It can (typically) be an Economic Productivity Measure.
- Example(s):
- Counter-Example(s):
- See: Manufacturing Productivity Paradox, Solow Residual, Factors of Production.
References
2016
- http://www.bls.gov/mfp/
- QUOTE: Multifactor productivity (MFP), also known as total factor productivity (TFP), is a measure of economic performance that compares the amount of goods and services produced (output) to the amount of combined inputs used to produce those goods and services. Inputs can include labor, capital, energy, materials, and purchased services. The BLS also publishes measures of labor productivity.
2015
- (Wikipedia, 2015) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Total_factor_productivity Retrieved:2015-12-9.
- In economics, total-factor productivity (TFP), also called multi-factor productivity, is a variable which accounts for effects in total output not caused by traditionally measured inputs of labor and capital. If all inputs are accounted for, then total factor productivity (TFP) can be taken as a measure of an economy’s long-term technological change or technological dynamism.
TFP cannot be measured directly. Instead it is a residual, often called the Solow residual, which accounts for effects in total output not caused by inputs.
The equation below (in Cobb–Douglas form) represents total output (Y) as a function of total-factor productivity (A), capital input (K), labor input (L), and the two inputs' respective shares of output (α and β are the capital input share of contribution for K and L respectively). An increase in either A, K or L will lead to an increase in output. While capital and labor input are tangible, total-factor productivity appears to be more intangible as it can range from technology to knowledge of worker (human capital). [math]\displaystyle{ Y = A \times K^\alpha \times L^\beta }[/math] Technology growth and efficiency are regarded as two of the biggest sub-sections of Total Factor Productivity, the former possessing "special" inherent features such as positive externalities and non-rivalness which enhance its position as a driver of economic growth.
Total Factor Productivity is often seen as the real driver of growth within an economy and studies reveal that whilst labour and investment are important contributors, Total Factor Productivity may account for up to 60% of growth within economies.
TFP is more accurately measured in long term, since TFP can vary substantially from one year to another.[1]
It has been shown that there is a historical correlation between TFP and energy conversion efficiency.
- In economics, total-factor productivity (TFP), also called multi-factor productivity, is a variable which accounts for effects in total output not caused by traditionally measured inputs of labor and capital. If all inputs are accounted for, then total factor productivity (TFP) can be taken as a measure of an economy’s long-term technological change or technological dynamism.
- ↑ Machek O. (2012), , The Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences., Vol. 21, No. 2, pp. 224-230.
2013
- http://www.people.hbs.edu/dcomin/def.pdfHarvard Business School
- QUOTE: Total Factor Productivity (TFP) is the portion of output not explained by the amount of inputs used in production. As such, its level is determined by how efficiently and intensely the inputs are utilized in production. TFP growth is usually measured by the Solow residual.
2006
- (Comin, 2006) ⇒ Diego Comin. (2006). “Total Factor Productivity." An Eponymous Dictionary of Economics. Elgar Publishers, Ltd
- QUOTE: Total Factor Productivity (TFP) is the portion of output not explained by the amount of inputs used in production. The following definition describes the measurement and importance of TFP for growth, fluctuations and development as well as likely future ...