Legal Right

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A Legal Right is a right that is formally recognized and enforceable by legal systems enabling legal right holders to take specific legal actions (protected through legal enforcement mechanisms within legal frameworks).

References

2025-06-07

[1] In re Estate of Folwell, 68 N.J. Eq. 728 (1905) - https://law.justia.com/cases/new-jersey/appellate-division-published/1905/68-n-j-eq-728-0.html - defining legal right as enforceable claim
[2] Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, "Rights" (2020) - https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/rights/ - comprehensive analysis of rights theory and derivative rights
[3] Obergefell v. Hodges, 576 U.S. 644 (2015) - https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/576/14-556/ - recognizing marriage as fundamental right
[4] Griswold v. Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479 (1965) - https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/381/479/ - establishing derivative rights from free speech
[5] Centre for Constitutional Studies, "Positive vs. Negative Rights" (2023) - https://www.constitutionalstudies.ca/2023/04/positive-negative-rights/ - distinguishing obligation types
[6] Gideon v. Wainwright, 372 U.S. 335 (1963) - https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/372/335/ - establishing positive right to counsel
[7] Universal Declaration of Human Rights, Article 25 (1948) - https://www.un.org/en/about-us/universal-declaration-of-human-rights - positive rights to adequate living standard
[8] Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, Section 2(b) - https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/const/page-12.html - negative right to freedom of expression
[9] Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms, Section 23 - https://laws-lois.justice.gc.ca/eng/const/page-12.html - positive right to minority language education
[10] Wesley Newcomb Hohfeld, "Fundamental Legal Conceptions" (1913) - https://digitalcommons.law.yale.edu/ylj/vol23/iss1/4/ - analytical framework for rights, powers, duties
[11] UN Charter, Chapter 1, Article 1(2) - https://www.un.org/en/about-us/un-charter/chapter-1 - collective right to self-determination
[12] Constitution of South Africa, Section 31 - https://www.justice.gov.za/legislation/constitution/chp02.html - collective cultural and linguistic rights
[13] International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966) - https://www.ohchr.org/en/instruments-mechanisms/instruments/international-covenant-civil-and-political-rights - individual fundamental rights
[14] Black's Law Dictionary, 11th Edition (2019) - https://thelawdictionary.org/legal-right/ - defining legal rights vs. privileges
[15] Joseph Raz, "The Morality of Freedom" (1986), Oxford University Press - https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-morality-of-freedom-9780198248071 - distinguishing legal from moral rights
[16] Ronald Dworkin, "Taking Rights Seriously" (1977), Harvard University Press - https://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog.php?isbn=9780674867116 - theory of legal rights as trumps
[17] H.L.A. Hart, "The Concept of Law" (1961), Oxford University Press - https://global.oup.com/academic/product/the-concept-of-law-9780199644704 - legal rights within legal systems

2014

  1. ↑ Murray Rothbard, The Ethics of Liberty
  2. ↑ Murray Rothbard, For a New Liberty
  3. ↑ Jones, Peter. Rights. Palgrave Macmillan, 1994, p. 73.
  4. ↑ For example, the imperative "not to harm others" is said to be justified by natural law, but the same is not true when it comes to providing protection against harm
  5. ↑ See James Nickel, Human Rights, 2010. The claim that "..all human rights are negative rights.." is rejected, therefore human rights also comprise positive rights.
  6. ↑ "Animal Rights", Encyclopædia Britannica, 2007; Dershowitz, Alan. Rights from Wrongs: A Secular Theory of the Origins of Rights, 2004, pp. 198–99; "Animal Rights: The Modern Animal Rights Movement", Encyclopaedia Britannica, 2007.
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