John Maynard Keynes (1883-1946)
John Maynard Keynes (1883-1946) was a person.
References
2013
- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Maynard_Keynes
- John Maynard Keynes, 1st Baron Keynes [1] of Tilton in the County of Sussex[2] CB, FBA (pron.: /ˈkeɪnz/ KAYNZ; 5 June 1883 – 21 April 1946) was a British economist whose ideas have profoundly affected the theory and practice of modern macroeconomics, and informed the economic policies of governments. He built on and greatly refined earlier work on the causes of business cycles, and is widely considered to be one of the founders of modern macroeconomics and the most influential economist of the 20th century.[1][2][3][4] His ideas are the basis for the school of thought known as Keynesian economics, as well as its various offshoots.
In the 1930s, Keynes spearheaded a revolution in economic thinking, overturning the older ideas of neoclassical economics that held that free markets would, in the short to medium term, automatically provide full employment, as long as workers were flexible in their wage demands. Keynes instead argued that aggregate demand determined the overall level of economic activity, and that inadequate aggregate demand could lead to prolonged periods of high unemployment. He advocated the use of fiscal and monetary measures to mitigate the adverse effects of economic recessions and depressions. Following the outbreak of the Second World War, Keynes's ideas concerning economic policy were adopted by leading Western economies. During the 1950s and 1960s, the success of Keynesian economics resulted in almost all capitalist governments adopting its policy recommendations.
Keynes's influence waned in the 1970s, partly as a result of problems that began to afflict the Anglo-American economies from the start of the decade, and partly because of critiques from Milton Friedman and other economists who were pessimistic about the ability of governments to regulate the business cycle with fiscal policy.[5] However, the advent of the global financial crisis in 2007 caused a resurgence in Keynesian thought. Keynesian economics provided the theoretical underpinning for economic policies undertaken in response to the crisis by Presidents George W. Bush and Barack Obama of the United States, Prime Minister Gordon Brown of the United Kingdom, and other heads of governments.[6]
- John Maynard Keynes, 1st Baron Keynes [1] of Tilton in the County of Sussex[2] CB, FBA (pron.: /ˈkeɪnz/ KAYNZ; 5 June 1883 – 21 April 1946) was a British economist whose ideas have profoundly affected the theory and practice of modern macroeconomics, and informed the economic policies of governments. He built on and greatly refined earlier work on the causes of business cycles, and is widely considered to be one of the founders of modern macroeconomics and the most influential economist of the 20th century.[1][2][3][4] His ideas are the basis for the school of thought known as Keynesian economics, as well as its various offshoots.
- ↑ Daniel Yergin and Joseph Stanislaw. "book extract from The Commanding Heights" (PDF). Public Broadcasting Service. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/commandingheights/shared/pdf/prof_johnmaynardkeynes.pdf. Retrieved 13 November 2008.
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- ↑ Cohn, Steven Mark (2006). Reintroducing Macroeconomics: A Critical Approach. M.E. Sharpe. p. 111. ISBN 0-7656-1450-2.
- ↑ Davis, William L, Bob Figgins, David Hedengren, and Daniel B. Klein. “Economic Professors' Favorite Economic Thinkers, Journals, and Blogs," Econ Journal Watch 8(2): 126–146, May 2011.[1]
- ↑ Template:Cite news
- ↑ Template:Cite news
1936
- (Keynes, 1936) ⇒ John Maynard Keynes. (1936). “The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money"
1930
- (Keynes, 1930) ⇒ John Maynard Keynes. (1930). “Economic Possibilities for Our Grandchildren (1930).” In: Essays in persuasion.
- QUOTE: The increase of technical efficiency has been taking place faster than we can deal with the problem of labour absorption.
1921
- (Keynes, 1921) ⇒ John Maynard Keynes. (1921). “A Treatise on Probability"
1919
- upon resigning in June 1919 in protest at the size of reparations
- QUOTE: Germany will not be able to formulate correct policy if it cannot finance itself.
- (Keynes, 1919) ⇒ John Maynard Keynes. (1919). “The Economic Consequences of the Peace