Israeli Apartheid System

An Israeli ____ System is an ____ system in Israel.

• Example(s):
  • Discriminatory laws that privilege Jewish citizens and disadvantage non-Jewish, particularly Arab, citizens, such as:
    • The Law of Return, which grants automatic citizenship to Jews who immigrate to Israel, but not to Palestinians who were expelled or fled during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War.
    • The 2003 Citizenship and Entry into Israel Law, which prohibits Palestinians from the occupied territories who marry Israeli citizens from obtaining Israeli residency or citizenship.
    • The Basic Law: Israel as the Nation-State of the Jewish People (2018), which declares that only Jews have the right to self-determination in Israel and downgrades Arabic from an official language to a language with "special status."
  • The Israeli West Bank barrier, a separation barrier that has been criticized for effectively annexing Palestinian land and restricting the freedom of movement of Palestinians.
  • The Israeli Settlement Program in the Israeli occupied territories, which has been deemed illegal under international law and has been characterized as a form of colonialism and apartheid.
  • The use of administrative detention to imprison Palestinians without charge or trial for indefinite periods.
  • The unequal distribution of resources and services between Jewish and Palestinian communities in Israel and the occupied territories.
  • The denial of the right of return to Palestinian refugees who were expelled or fled during the 1948 Arab-Israeli War and 1967 Six-Day War.
  • ...
• Counter-Example(s):
  • South African Apartheid.
• See: Exceptionalism, Israel, Military Occupation, Palestinian Territories, Crime of Apartheid, Palestinian, Crime Against Humanity, Weaponization of Antisemitism, Israeli Occupation of Palestine.

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References

2024

• (Wikipedia, 2024) ⇒ https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Israel_and_apartheid Retrieved:2024-5-2.
  • Israel's policies and actions in its ongoing occupation and administration of the Palestinian territories have drawn accusations that it is committing the crime of apartheid. Leading Palestinian, Israeli and international human rights groups have said that the totality and severity of the human rights violations against the Palestinian population in the occupied territories, and by some in Israel proper, amount to the crime against humanity of apartheid. Israel and some of its Western allies have rejected the accusation, with Israel often labeling the charge antisemitic. Comparisons between Israel–Palestine and South African apartheid were prevalent in the mid-1990s and early 2000s. Since the definition of apartheid as a crime in 2002 Rome Statute, attention has shifted to the question of international law. In December 2019, the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination announced commencing a review of the Palestinian complaint that Israel's policies in the West Bank amount to apartheid. Soon afterward, two Israeli human rights NGOs, Yesh Din (July 2020), and B'Tselem (January 2021) issued separate reports that concluded, in the latter's words, that "the bar for labeling the Israeli regime as apartheid has been met." In April 2021, Human Rights Watch became the first major international human rights body to say Israel had crossed the threshold. It accused Israel of apartheid, and called for prosecution of Israeli officials under international law, calling for an International Criminal Court investigation. Amnesty International issued a report with similar findings on 1 February 2022. The accusation that Israel is committing apartheid has been supported by United Nations investigators, the African National Congress (ANC), several human rights groups, and many prominent Israeli political and cultural figures. Those who support the accusations hold that certain laws explicitly or implicitly discriminate on the basis of creed or race, in effect privileging Jewish citizens and disadvantaging non-Jewish, and particularly Arab, citizens. These include the Law of Return, the 2003 Citizenship and Entry into Israel Law, and many laws regarding security, land and planning, citizenship, political representation in the Knesset (legislature), education and culture. The Nation-State Law, enacted in 2018, was widely condemned in both Israel and internationally as discriminatory, and has also been called an "apartheid law" by members of the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO), opposition MPs, and other Arab and Jewish Israelis. Israel and a number of Western governments and scholars, on the other hand, have rejected the charges or objected to the use of the word apartheid. Some argue that the situation is not comparable to apartheid in South Africa, that Israel's policies are primarily driven by security considerations, and that the accusation is factually and morally inaccurate and intended to delegitimize Israel.

Claude 3

• NOTES:
  • In December 2019, the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination announced a review of the Palestinian complaint that Israel's policies in the West Bank amount to apartheid.
  • In July 2020, Israeli human rights NGO Yesh Din issued a report concluding that Israel's policies in the West Bank meet the definition of apartheid under international law.
  • In January 2021, Israeli human rights organization B'Tselem issued a report stating that "the bar for labeling the Israeli regime as apartheid has been met."
  • In April 2021, Human Rights Watch accused Israel of apartheid and called for an International Criminal Court investigation.
  • In February 2022, Amnesty International issued a report with similar findings, accusing Israel of apartheid.

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