Albert Einstein (1879-1955)

Albert Einstein (1879-1955) was a person who was a theoretical physicist.

• Context:
  • He was the possessor of Albert Einstein's Brain.
  • ...
• Counter-Example(s):
  • Karl Heisenberg (1901-1976).
• See: Theoretical Physicist, Theoretical Physics, General Theory of Relativity, Quantum Mechanics, Mass–Energy Equivalence, Photoelectric Effect, Electromagnetic Field, Special Theory of Relativity.

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References

2014

• (Wikipedia, 2014) ⇒ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albert_Einstein Retrieved:2014-7-26.
  • Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist. He developed the general theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics). He is best known in popular culture for his mass–energy equivalence formula (which has been dubbed "the world's most famous equation"). He received the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics "for his services to theoretical physics, and especially for his discovery of the law of the photoelectric effect”. The latter was pivotal in establishing quantum theory. Near the beginning of his career, Einstein thought that Newtonian mechanics was no longer enough to reconcile the laws of classical mechanics with the laws of the electromagnetic field. This led to the development of his special theory of relativity. He realized, however, that the principle of relativity could also be extended to gravitational fields, and with his subsequent theory of gravitation in 1916, he published a paper on the general theory of relativity. He continued to deal with problems of statistical mechanics and quantum theory, which led to his explanations of particle theory and the motion of molecules. He also investigated the thermal properties of light which laid the foundation of the photon theory of light. In 1917, Einstein applied the general theory of relativity to model the large-scale structure of the universe. He was visiting the United States when Adolf Hitler came to power in 1933 and, being Jewish, did not go back to Germany, where he had been a professor at the Berlin Academy of Sciences. He settled in the U.S., becoming an American citizen in 1940. On the eve of World War II, he endorsed a letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt alerting him to the potential development of "extremely powerful bombs of a new type" and recommending that the U.S. begin similar research. This eventually led to what would become the Manhattan Project. Einstein supported defending the Allied forces, but largely denounced the idea of using the newly discovered nuclear fission as a weapon. Later, with the British philosopher Bertrand Russell, Einstein signed the Russell–Einstein Manifesto, which highlighted the danger of nuclear weapons. Einstein was affiliated with the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey, until his death in 1955. Einstein published more than 300 scientific papers along with over 150 non-scientific works. His great intellectual achievements and originality have made the word "Einstein" synonymous with genius.

1954

• "The grand aim of science is to cover the greatest number of experimental facts by logical deduction from the smallest number of hypotheses or axioms.
  --Albert Einstein

1949

• (Einstein, 1949) ⇒ Albert Einstein. (1949). “Why Socialism?". In: Monthly Review, May 1949.

1939

• Einstein–Szilárd letter of 1939

1935

• (Einstein et al., 1935) ⇒ Albert Einstein, Boris Podolsky, and Nathan Rosen. (1935). “Can quantum-mechanical description of physical reality be considered complete?.” Physical Review, 47(10).

1905

• (Einstein, 1905a) ⇒ Albert Einstein. (1905). “Zur Elektrodynamik bewegter Körper" (On the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies). In: Annalen der Physik.
  • NOTE: This seminal work introduced the special theory of relativity, fundamentally altering our understanding of space, time, and the relationship between energy and matter, which has profound implications in physics.
• (Einstein, 1905b) ⇒ Albert Einstein. (1905). “Über einen die Erzeugung und Verwandlung des Lichtes betreffenden heuristischen Gesichtspunkt.” In: Annalen der Physik, 17(6).
  • “On a Heuristic Viewpoint Concerning the Production and Transformation of Light”
• (Einstein, 1905c) ⇒ Albert Einstein. (1905). “Über die von der molekularkinetischen Theorie der Wärme geforderte Bewegung von in ruhenden Flüssigkeiten suspendierten Teilchen.” In: Annalen der Physik, 17(8). doi:10.1002/andp.19053220806
  • “On the Motion - Required by Molecular Kinetic Theory of Heat – of Small Particles Suspended in a Stationary Liquid”

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