2010 SemanticEnrichingOfNatLangTexts

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Subject Headings: Ontology-based Semantic Annotation.

Notes

Abstract

This paper proposes an approach which utilizes natural language processing (NLP) and ontology knowledge to automatically denote the implicit semantics of textual requirements. Requirements documents include the syntax of natural language but not the semantics. Semantics are usually interpreted by the human user. In earlier work Gelhausen and Tichy showed that SalE MX automatically creates UML domain models from (semantically) annotated textual specifications [1]. This manual annotation process is very time consuming and can only be carried out by annotation experts. We automate semantic annotation so that SalE MX can be completely automated. With our approach, the analyst receives the domain model of a requirements specification in a very fast and easy manner. Using these concepts is the first step into farther automation of requirements engineering and software development.

5 Summary

  • Using sentence grammar structures to determine the correct semantics of a sentence seems feasible with our approach. We use popular NLP tools for the preprocessing of natural language texts. Even though AutoAnnotator is still work in progress, we have run a small qualitative case study using the technical specification of the WHOIS Protocol (IETF RFC 3912). The results suggest that the proposed approach is indeed capable of deriving the semantic tags of Sale mx. Still there are some di culties, which have to be addressed in future development.
  • First of all, subphrases are not yet handled correctly leading to confusing results. Errors of the pipelined NLP tools are not yet addressed adequately. Assigning a confidence value to each tool could improve results when information conflicts. On top of these future improvements, we plan to extend AutoAnnotator with an interactive dialog tool. This allows the analyst to steer the analysis process. We expect this interactive component to be used to resolve obvious mistakes the algorithms make as part of a feedback loop in the annotation process. Together with an instant UML diagram building process, the analyst could identify and correct the derived semantics on the fly.
  • Eventually, our process improves the annotation process with a speedup which we are currently evaluating. Only if the analyst is faster and receives the same quality models than in the manual process, automatic model creation can help support and improve the software development process.

References

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 AuthorvolumeDate ValuetitletypejournaltitleUrldoinoteyear
2010 SemanticEnrichingOfNatLangTextsSven J. Körner
Mathias Landhäußer		Semantic Enriching of Natural Language Texts with Automatic Thematic Role AnnotationProceedings of the 15th International Conferefence on Applications of Natural Language to Information Systemhttp://www.ipd.uka.de/Tichy/uploads/publikationen/237/nldb2010 cameraReady.pdf10.1007/978-3-642-13881-2_92010
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